Grassland biogeochemistry: Links to atmospheric processes |
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Authors: | D. S. Schimel W. J. Parton T. G. F. Kittel D. S. Ojima C. V. Cole |
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Affiliation: | (1) NASA Ames Research Center, SLE 239-12, 94035 Moffett Field, CA, U.S.A.;(2) Present address: Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, 80523 Fort Collins, CO, U.S.A.;(3) Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, 80523 Fort Collins, CO, U.S.A.;(4) Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory and Cooperative Institute for Research in the Atmosphere, Colorado State University, 80523 Fort Collins, CO, U.S.A.;(5) Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, 80523 Fort Collins, CO, U.S.A.;(6) Present address: IGBP Secretariat, The Royal Swedish Academy, Box 50005, S 10405 Stockholm, Sweden;(7) U.S. Department of Agriculture, Agriculture Research Service and Natural Resource Ecology Laboratory, Colorado State University, 80523 Fort Collins, CO, U.S.A. |
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Abstract: | Regional modeling is an essential step in scaling plot measurements of biogeochemical cycling to global scales for use in coupled atmosphere-biosphere studies. We present a model of carbon and nitrogen biogeochemistry for the U.S. Central Grasslands region based on laboratory, field, and modeling studies. Model simulations of the geography of C and N biogeochemistry adequately fit observed data. Model results show geographic patterns of cycling rates and element storage to be a complex function of the interaction of climatic and soil properties. The model also includes regional trace gas simulation, providing a link between studies of atmospheric geochemistry and ecosystem function. The model simulates nitrogenous trace gas emission rates as a function of N turnover and indicates that they are variable across the grasslands. We studied effects of changing climate using information from a global climate model. Simulations showed that increases in temperature and associated changes in precipitation caused increases in decomposition and long-term emission of Co2 from grassland soils. Nutrient release associated with the loss of soil organic matter caused increases in net primary production, demonstrating that nutrient interactions are a major control over vegetation response to climate change. |
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