Trace element ions in snow,ice and water from Antarctic and Arctic with reference of their water vapor chemistry

The some trace elements in the Antarctic and Arctic snow, ice, water were studied using the methodology and theory of water vapor chemistry. The concentrations of ions Zn 2+ , Cd 2+ , Pb 2+ , Cu 2+ , Sn 4+ , Bi 3+ in Antarctic and Arctic snow a significant spatial similarity; they are also close to those defined elsewhere on the basic of studies of water vapor chemistry: on average Zn 2+ 5.0 μg/L, Cd 2+ 0.080 μg/L, Pb 2+ 0.030 μg/L, Cu 2+ 0.70 μg/L, Sn 4+ 0.99 μg/L, Bi 3+ 0.18 μg/L. Apparently, the ion concentration in the Antarctic and Arctic region represent natural baseline values and are controlled by natural water cycles.