基于生境等价分析法的溢油生态损害价值评估 ——以大连新港为例

生境等价分析法(habitat equivalency analysis, HEA)作为国际上较为推广应用的自然资源损害评估方法，更加适于衡量中大型溢油事故生态损害。文章以发生于2010年7月16日的大连新港溢油事故为例，结合恢复费用法思想，认为该次溢油对该港造成的生态损失达90.27亿元。运用HEA的相关原理及方法对恢复工程规模进行估算，发现种植153.84 km²的海草床才能使该港的生态服务功能恢复至最初水平。最后，鉴于评估的准确性，进行结果敏感性分析，结论是受损生境服务的最大恢复水平和服务水平恢复函数的形式对结果具有至关重要的影响。以上分析将为海洋管理相关部门评估生态损害及补偿提供参考支撑。

Evaluation of Ecological Damage Value of Dalian Xingang Oil Spill: Based on habitat equivalence analysis method

Habitat equivalency analysis (HEA), as a more popularized natural resource damage assessment method internationally, is more suitable for measuring the ecological damage of medium and large oil spill accidents. Taking the oil spill accident in Dalian Xingang on July 16, 2010, as an example, this paper used the relevant principles and methods of HEA to estimate the scale of the restoration project. It was concluded that the seagrass bed area to be planted was 153.84km2. Finally, combined with the idea of the restoration cost method, it was believed that the ecological loss caused by the oil spill in the Gulf reached 9.027 billion yuan. For the accuracy of the assessment, a subsequent sensitivity analysis revealed that the maximum service level of the damaged habitat and the form of the service level recovery function of the damaged habitat had a critical impact on the results. The above analysis conclusions provided a reference for marine management departments to assess ecological damage.