美丽海湾的概念、科学理解、行动框架和发展建议

海湾是保护与利用矛盾最突出的区域，是生态环境保护研究关注的焦点区域。“十四五”期间，生态环境管理部门将以海湾为抓手，稳步推进美丽海湾建设。但是目前美丽海湾的相关概念和理论尚不完善，鉴于此，文章在回顾国内外海洋生态环境治理发展历程的基础上，梳理了国内外在海湾生态环境治理方面的主要经验教训，在此基础上完善了美丽海湾的概念以及对概念的科学理解，提出了美丽海湾的行动框架，并对我国建设美丽海湾提出了做好顶层设计，完善法规制度；制定清晰的目标，并层层分解落实；做好陆海统筹，注重以海定陆；注重科技支撑，科技参与决策；发动公众积极参与美丽海湾建设等建议，以期为美丽海湾建设提供技术支撑。

The Concept, Scientific Understanding, Action Framework and Development Proposal of Beautiful Bay Action

Bay is the area with the most prominent contradiction between protection and utilization, and is the focus area of eco-environmental protection research. During the 14th Five-Year Plan period, eco-environment management department will take the bay as the starting point and steadily promote the construction of beautiful bay. However, the relevant concepts and theories of beautiful bay are not perfect at present. In view of this, on the basis of reviewing the development process of marine eco-environment governance at home and abroad, the main experience and lessons in ecological environment governance for bay were sorted out at home and abroad. The concept and scientific understanding of the beautiful bay had been improved, the action framework of the beautiful bay had been put forward. The author developed an action framework for Beautiful Bay, and offered proposals on the construction of beautiful bay for China, such as: to make a good top-level design and improve the regulation system, to set clear goals and implement such goals at every level, to coordinate land and sea development and use the sea to determine land policy, to pay attention to science and technology support and let science and technology participate in decision-making, and to mobilize the public to actively participate in the construction of beautiful bay, so as to provide technical support for the construction of the beautiful bay.