Numerical investigation of tsunami-like wave hydrodynamic characteristics and its comparison with solitary wave |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Civil Engineering, City College, The City University of New York, New York 10031, USA;2. College of Civil Engineering and Architecture, Hainan University, Haikou 570228, China;1. Department of Civil Engineering, City College, City University of New York, NY 10031, USA;2. School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Sciences and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410114, China;3. School of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;4. NAAM Group, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;5. Bureau of Research, New Jersey Department of Transportation, Trenton, NJ 08625, USA;1. Department of Civil Engineering, City College, City University of New York, 138th Street, Convent Avenue, New York, NY 10031, USA;2. School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Sciences and Technology, Changsha, Hunan 410114, China;3. School of Engineering, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China;4. NAAM Group, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia;5. Bureau of Research, New Jersey Department of Transportation, Trenton, NJ 08625, USA;1. Department of Civil Engineering, City College, The City University of New York, New York 10031, USA;2. Zhejiang Institute of Hydraulics and Estuary, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310020, China;1. School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, 410114, China;2. Key Laboratory of Water-Sediment Sciences and Water Disaster Prevention of Hunan Province, Changsha, 410114, China;3. School for Marine Science and Technology, University of Massachusetts Dartmouth, New Bedford, MA, 02744, USA;4. Key Laboratory of the Pearl River Estuarine Dynamics and Associated Process Regulation, Ministry of Water Resources, Guangzhou, 510611, China;1. Department of Civil Engineering, City College, City University of New York, New York 10031, USA;2. School of Hydraulic Engineering, Changsha University of Sciences and Technology, Changsha 410114, China |
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| Abstract: | Solitary waves have been commonly used as an initial condition in the experimental and numerical modelling of tsunamis for decades. However, the main component of a tsunami waves acts at completely different spatial and temporal scales than solitary waves. Thus, use of solitary waves as approximation of a tsunami wave may not yield realistic model results, especially in the coastal region where the shoaling effect restrains the development of the tsunami wave. Alternatively, N-shaped waves may be used to give a more realistic approximation of the tsunami wave profile. Based on the superposition of the sech2(*) waves, the observed tsunami wave profile could be approximated with the N-shaped wave method, and this paper presents numerical simulation results based on the tsunami-like wave generated based on the observed tsunami wave profile measured in the Tohoku tsunami. This tsunami-like wave was numerically generated with an internal wave source method based on the two-phase incompressible flow model with a Volume of Fluid (VOF) method to capture the free surface, and a finite volume scheme was used to solve all the governing equations. The model is first validated for the case of a solitary wave propagating within a straight channel, by comparing its analytical solutions to model results. Further, model comparisons between the solitary and tsunami-like wave are then made for (a) the simulation of wave run-up on shore and (b) wave transport over breakwater. Comparisons show that use of these largely different waveform shapes as inputs produces significant differences in overall wave evolution, hydrodynamic load characteristics as well as velocity and vortex fields. Further, it was found that the solitary wave uses underestimated the total energy and hence underestimated the run-up distance. |
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| Keywords: | N-wave Solitary wave Wave run-up Breakwater Navier-stokes equations Volume of fluid |
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