基于陆态网络GPS数据的电离层空间天气监测与研究

中国大陆构造环境监测网络(简称陆态网络)是以全球卫星导航定位系统(GNSS)为主,辅以多种空间观测技术,实时动态监测大陆构造环境变化,探求其对资源、环境和灾害的影响的地球科学综合观测网络.基于陆态网络约200个基准站的GPS观测数据,本文探讨了其在电离层空间天气监测与研究方面的应用.包括磁暴期间电离层暴扰动形态,大尺度电离层行进式扰动,太阳耀斑引起的电离层骚扰和低纬电离层不规则体结构等.研究结果表明:陆态网络布局合理,观测数据质量良好,完全可用于中国及周边地区电离层空间天气监测与研究,为进一步开展我国电离层空间天气预警和预报奠定了观测基础.

Applications of the CMONOC based GNSS data in monitoring and investigation of ionospheric space weather

Crustal Movement Observation Network of China (CMONOC) is a comprehensive observational network in Earth sciences on the basis of global navigation satellite system (GNSS) supplemented by a variety of space-based techniques, which aims to perform real-time dynamic monitoring of changes in continental tectonic settings and explore their effect on resources, environments and disasters. Based on the GPS data from ~200 reference stations of the COMNOC, this article discusses the application of the COMNOC in the field of ionospheric space weather monitoring and scientific research, including the study on the ionospheric storm morphology, large scale travelling ionospheric disturbances, sudden ionospheric disturbance caused by the solar flare, and ionospheric irregularities at low latitudes. The results show that during the moderate storm event May 29, 2011, the ionosphere recorded a maximum local enhancement of total electron content (TEC) ~30 TECU (1TECU=10¹⁶el/m²) over the southern China with maximum enhancement up to 30 TECU at 19:00 local time, which has good spatial and temporal resolution than the results of JPL-GIM product. Passage of a large scale traveling ionospheric disturbance (LSTID) moving south-westward over the central China was observed during 15:40-16:00 UT on May 28, 2011. A solar flare induced sudden increases in TEC (SITECs) was recorded during a solar flare event of X2.2 class on February 15, 2011 over the entire China. The distribution of ΔTEC of every station shows a statistical linear relationship with the solar zenith. The scintillation index derived from the GPS TEC shows that there are irregularities distributed over southern China with a much larger area used with 200 COMNOC stations than the former 25 reference stations. The above results illustrate that the present network is well distributed with high-qualified data which can be fully used in the investigation of the ionospheric space weather, and serve as the observational basement of the space weather nowcasting and forecasting technique.