热带对流热量与水汽收支的数值模拟研究

应用二维云分辨模式，数值研究了热带地区的对流活动，并诊断了热量和水汽的收支，发现在垂直温度平流和凝结潜热释放之间、垂直水汽平流和降水之间都维持着大体平衡，推断出质量加权平均温度及可降水分的局地变化分别由热量及水汽方程中的剩余项决定.机制研究表明，深对流与浅对流在热量及水汽循环中存在较大差异，深对流中水汽的凝结及潜热释放起着主导作用，而大尺度垂直平流的加湿和冷却在浅对流中发挥主导作用.最后讨论了对流触发后热量及水汽循环的调整机制.

The numeral simulated study of convective heat and moisture budget in the tropical

The convective activities are analyzed and the budgets of heat/water vapor are diagnosed in the tropical area using a two-dimensional cloud-resolving simulation.The analysis shows a near perfect balance between vertical thermal advection and latent heat of condensation in the mass-weighted mean heat budget and between vertical moisture advection and precipitation in the precipitable water budget.It can be concluded from the mechanism studies that the local changes of mass-weighted mean temperature and precipitable water are mainly determined by the heat and moisture residuals,respectively.The studies also show that the heat/water vapor equilibrium and cycle exists the large difference between the strong convection and the weak convection.The condensation and associated latent heat determine local moisture loss and thermal gain for strong convection,whereas vertically advective moistening and cooling cause local moisture gain and thermal loss for weak convection.Then the manipulative mechanisms of heat/water vapor equilibrium and cycle are discussed in the end of paper.