Mineral matter in coals: cleat minerals and their origin in some coals from the english midlands |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Department of Ancient History, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia;2. Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Macquarie University, Sydney, Australia;1. School of Resources and Environment Engineering, Henan Institute of Engineering, Zhengzhou, Henan 451191, China;2. School of Geoscience and Surveying Engineering, China University of Mining and Technology, Beijing 100083, China;3. School of Resources and Geosciences, China University of Mining and Technology, Xuzhou, Jiangsu 221116, China;4. th |
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| Abstract: | In four coal seam profiles from the Cannock Coalfield, West Midlands, the cleat (joint) frequency is a function of lithotype (greatest in vitarin) and is inversely related to bed thickness. The cleat minerals were studied: (1) under the microscope (optical and electron); (2) by X-ray diffraction; and (3) chemically. The minerals present are pyrite, marcasite, sphalerite, galena (sulphides), quartz, kaolinite (silicates), ankerite, calcite (carbonates) and apatite. This sequence has features in common with diagenetic sequences recorded in other rock types and it is concluded that the cleat minerals in coal form in response to pore fluid evolution and movement during burial diagenesis. The elements are thought to originate from both the coal and the associated sediments, mainly mudrocks. Similarities in diagenetic sequences are in part a reflection of the importance of organic maturation reactions in all the rock types in the sequence, whereas differences are attributed to the dominance of these reactions in the coal itself. |
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