中国土地适宜性评价研究进展

长期以来, 土地适宜性评价一直在土地规划利用中起着基础性作用。近十几年, 农业土地 适宜性评价持续深入开展, 城市用地、旅游用地、土地整理复垦以及其他用地的土地适宜性评价 日渐增多; 基于此, 土地适宜性评价的理论思想得到了进一步的丰富, 景观生态学被引入土地适 宜性评价, 可持续利用观深入人心; 土地适宜性评价在方法上也有新的发展, GIS 在土地适宜性 评价中得到广泛的应用, 这使得土地适宜性评价更为灵活、科学。

Progr ess in Resear ch on Land Suitability Evaluation in China

Land suitability evaluation,playing a basic role in land use planning all along,has progressed at a rapid rate since 1990s in china.The land suitability evaluation for agriculture develops continually.The agriculture land suitability evaluations aimed to protect the land in ecologically fragile regions have been put in practice widely,and the evaluations for individual crops have developed steadily.In addition,the evaluations for non-agriculture purposes such as urban land use,tourism land use,land consolidation and other land uses have been popularly and successfully carried out. As the expansion of the land suitability evaluation fields,some new evaluation purposes emerge gradually;and the attention of evaluation factors has been paid to not only natural ones but also social,economic and behavior ones,which have developed the results of evaluation perfection.The new evaluation viewpoint was advanced thanks to the introduction of the landscape ecology theory,and the idea of sustainable land use have been accepted and penetrated into most evaluations. While some conventional methods such as the Weighted Sum Model,the linear Regression and the Analytical Hierarchy Process(AHP) have been applied still to land suitability evaluations,several advanced approaches such as the Fuzzy mathematics Model,the Artificial Neural Networks(ANN) and the Genetic Algorithms have been attempted to improve the evaluation models.Geographical Information System(GIS) has been popularly applied to land suitability evaluation,and the integration of evaluation models into GIS has made the process of land suitability evaluation more flexible.