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Hydrochemical characteristics and salinization processes of groundwater in the shallow aquifer of Eastern Laizhou Bay,China
Authors:Xiaohu Wen  Meina Diao  De Wang  Meng Gao
Affiliation:Yantai Institute of Coastal Zone Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, , Chunhui Rd 17, Yantai, 264003 Shandong Province, China
Abstract:Groundwater salinization has become a crucial environmental problem worldwide and is considered the most widespread form of groundwater contamination in the coastal zone. In this study, a hydrochemical investigation was conducted in the eastern coastal shallow aquifer of Laizhou Bay to identify the hydrochemical characteristics and the salinity of groundwater using ionic ratios, deficit or excess of each ions, saturation indices and factor analysis. The results indicate that groundwater in the study area showed wide ranges and high standard deviations for most of hydrochemical parameters and can be classified into two hydrochemical facies, Ca2+‐Mg2+‐Cl facies and Na+‐Cl facies. The ionic ratio, deficit or excess of each ions and SI were applied to evaluate hydrochemical processes. The results obtained indicate that the salinization processes in the coastal zones were inverse cation exchange, dissolution of calcite and dolomite, and intensive agricultural practices. Factor analysis shows that three factors were determined (Factor 1: TDS, EC, Cl, Mg2+, Na+, K+, Ca2+ and SO42‐; Factor 2: HCO3 and pH; Factor 3: NO3 and pH), representing the signature of seawater intrusion in the coastal zone, weathering of water–soil/rock interaction, and nitrate contamination, respectively. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Keywords:hydrochemical characteristics  groundwater salinization  ionic ration  factor analysis  shallow coastal aquifer  Laizhou Bay
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