防污涂料中各成份对渗铜率的影响

船底防污涂料目前仍然是舰船预防附着生物最普遍、最有效的手段，其性能的好坏直接关系到海军的战斗力，海运事业的发展和海洋设施的保护。因此，国内外对防污涂料的研究十分重视。一种优良的防污涂料必须具备两个特点：适当的渗毒率和良好的持久性。如漆膜封闭性太强，毒物渗出率过低，就起不到应有的防污作用；反之，如果防污涂料渗毒率太高，涂料中的毒物很快就释放完毕，则达不到持久的防污效果。影响防污涂料渗毒率的因素十分复杂，如防污涂料的组成、使用的海域、舰船的航速、防污涂料的配套、施工条件和质量等，对它都会产生直接的影响．但防污涂料的组成则是其中最主要的因素。研究防污涂料中各成份对毒物渗出的影响，掌握毒物的渗出规律，合理调节渗出率，可以达到改善防污涂料性能和节约人力物力的效果。本文就几年来防污涂料试验中关于防污涂料某些成份对渗铜率的影响作一综述。

THE INFLUENCE OF ANTIFOULING PAINT COMPONENTS ON COPPER LEACHING RATE

Organic tin coatings have been in use world-wide in recent years, but most of antifouling paints for marine vessels now are still based on the successful use of cuprous oxide.The antifouling paint must release enough copper into sea water by dissolution of cuprous oxide and form a poisonous surface layer which repels the attachment of marine organisms. It is therefore necessary to maintain a steady leaching rate not too low nor too high. A low leaching rate may result in heavy fouling rapidly.There exist some relation between the copper leaching rate and the paint ingredients. If this relation is well balanced, the copper leaching rate will be improved ,and economic benefit be gained. In order to make a comparative study, we have designed a series of pair formulations in our present experimentation.