层孔虫的形态及其指相意义

层孔虫是一类底栖固着的海洋生物,从寒武纪晚期到白垩纪地层中都有分布,但最盛时期是泥盆纪,不但属种数量急剧增加,而且分布亦很广泛。由于层孔虫本身对环境介质极其敏感,不同的环境可以有不同的形态,因而可以成为判断沉积环境的标志。一、层孔虫的各种形态根据对湘中、西秦岭等地泥盆纪大量层孔虫属种骨骼分析和统计,层孔虫的各种形态大致可以分为几类: 1.块状层孔虫类常见的有柱状、球状、半球状(图1)。它们的个体范围变化很大,小者十几厘米,大者可达数米。它们在大多数情况下可以坚固地附着海底向上生长,具有较强的抗浪性和造礁能力。

STROMATOPORA MORPHOLOGY AND ITS ENVIRONMENTAL SIGNIFICANCE

This paper deals with several basic forms of Devonian Stromatopora from western Qinling and central Hunan and their relationships to sedimentary environments. The author contends, in this paper, that Stromatopora may serve as not only an important tool for the division of the Devonian strata, but also a visual indicator used for recognizing sedimentary environments.