Large-scale ionospheric gradients over Europe observed in October 2003 |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Communications and Navigation, German Aerospace Center, Kalkhorstweg 53, D-17235 Neustrelitz, Germany;2. Institute of Atmospheric Physics, University of Rostock, Juliusruh, Germany;3. Radio Communications Research Unit, Rutherford Appleton Laboratory, Chilton, Didcot, Oxon OX11 0QX, UK;4. Institute of Geodesy, University of Warmia and Mazury, Olsztyn, Poland;5. Aeronomy and Radiopropagation Laboratory, Abdus Salam ICTP, 34100 Trieste, Italy;1. University of Rennes 1, Rennes, France;2. Institute of Atmospheric Physics of ASCR, Prague, Czech Republic;3. Instituto Nazionale di Geofisica e Vulcanologia, Rome, Italy;4. National Central University, Jungli City, Taiwan;1. IZMIRAN, Kaluzskoe Sh. 4, Troitsk, Moscow 108840, Russia;2. Department of EEE, Hacettepe University, Beytepe, Ankara 06800, Turkey;3. Space Research Center, PAS, Barticka 18-A, Warsaw, Poland;1. Department of Physics, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria;2. Institute of Maritime Studies, University of Lagos, Akoka, Yaba, Lagos, Nigeria;3. Institute for Scientific Research, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, MA, USA;4. International Centre for Theoretical Physics, Trieste, Italy;5. W.B. Hanson Centre for Space Sciences, University of Texas at Dallas, Richardson, TX, USA;1. School of Physics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;2. Department of Electronics and Information Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;3. School of Electrical and Electronic Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430074, China;1. University of Westminster, 35 Marylebone Road, London NW1 5LS, United Kingdom;2. Castelldefels Telecommunications and Aeronautical Engineering School (EETAC), Office C3-104, UPC. Av. Esteve Terradas, 5. Castelldefels 08860, Catalonia, Spain;1. Department of Control and Computer Engineering, Politecnico di Torino, Torino, Italy;2. Department of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Athens, Athens, Greece;3. LIRMM (Université Montpellier/CNRS UMR 5506), Montpellier, France |
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| Abstract: | It is well known that ionospheric perturbations are characterised by strong horizontal gradients and rapid changes of the ionisation. Thus, space weather induced severe ionosphere perturbations can cause serious technological problems in Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) such as GPS. During the severe ionosphere storm period of 29–31 October 2003, reported were several significant malfunctions due to the adverse effects of the ionosphere perturbations such as interruption of the WAAS service and degradation of mid-latitudes GPS reference services. To properly warn service users of such effects, a quick evaluation of the current signal propagation conditions expressed in a suitable ionospheric perturbation index would be of great benefit. Preliminary results of a comparative study of ionospheric gradients including vertical sounding and Total Electron Content (TEC) data are presented. Strong enhancements of latitudinal gradients and temporal changes of the ionisation are observed over Europe during the 29–30 October storm period. The potential use of spatial gradients and rate of change of foF2 and TEC characterising the actual perturbation degree of the ionosphere is discussed. It has been found that perturbation induced spatial gradients of TEC and foF2 strongly enhance during the ionospheric storm on 29 October over the Central European region in particular in North–South direction exceeding the gradients in East–West direction by a factor of 2. |
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