Plasmaspheric electron content (PEC) over low latitude regions around the magnetic equator in the Indian sector during different geophysical conditions |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Marine Resource Utilization in South China Sea, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China;2. Institute of Tropical Agriculture and Forestry, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China;3. Xiamen University, Xiamen, 361102, China;4. Leibniz Center for Marine Tropical Research, Bremen, 28359, Germany;5. Department of Environmental Resources and Management, Chia Nan University of Science and Pharmacy, Taiwan, ROC;1. Department of Integrated Science Physics, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain;2. Department of Applied Physics, University of Cádiz, Cádiz, Spain;3. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Huelva, Huelva, Spain;1. State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;2. Beijing Garden Scientific Research Institute, Beijing 100102, China;3. Department of Environmental Sciences, University of California, Riverside, CA 92521, United States |
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| Abstract: | The variation of plasmaspheric electron content (PEC) is an important parameter for studying the effects of space weather events in the low latitude ionosphere. In the present study, the vertical TEC (VTEC) measurements obtained from co-located dual-frequency Global Positioning System (GPS) and Coherent Radio Beacon Experiment (CRABEX) systems have been used. The daytime PEC variations under different geophysical conditions have been estimated (around the magnetic equator) over the Indian sector, for the first time. The first observations of the nighttime PEC variations over the Indian sector are also estimated from the simultaneous measurements of Faraday rotation, differential Doppler and modulation phase delay made using the CRABEX system on-board the Indian geostationary satellite GSAT2. The study shows that the PEC varies over a range of 10–22% (of the total electron content (TEC)) during daytime of magnetically quiet period. There is an increase in PEC with latitude during magnetically quiet period. During a magnetically disturbed period of 9 November 2004, the PEC increased to ∼30% of the TEC over the magnetic equatorial location of Trivandrum (8.5°N, 76.9°E, dip 0.5°N), while at Bangalore (13°N, 78°E, dip 10°N) it showed a large depletion. The implications of the new observations are discussed. |
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