Molecular taphonomy of macrofossils from the Cretaceous Las Hoyas Formation,Spain |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Geology and Geophysics, Yale University, New Haven, 06520 CT, USA;2. Departamento de Biología, Unidad de Paleontología, Facultad de Ciencias, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid, 28049 Cantoblanco, Madrid, Spain;3. Department of Earth, Atmospheric and Planetary Sciences, MIT, Cambridge, MA 02139, USA;4. Departamento de Estratigrafía, Facultad de Ciencias Geológicas, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain;1. School of Earth and Environment, University of Leeds, Maths/Earth and Environment Building, Leeds LS2 9JT, UK;2. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Wills Memorial Building, Queens Road, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK;3. Palaeontology Section, Earth Science Department, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK;4. 146, Church Hill Road, Sutton, Surrey SM3 8NF, UK;1. School of Earth Sciences, University of Bristol, Bristol BS8 1RJ, UK;2. 25 Innox Hill, Frome, Somerset BA11 2LW, UK;3. 146 Church Hill Road, Sutton, Surrey SM3 8NF, UK;4. Earth Science Department, The Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK;1. Museum für Naturkunde, Leibniz-Institut für Evolutions-und Biodiversitätsforschung, Invalidenstraße 43, 10115 Berlin, Germany;2. Humboldt Universität, Berlin, Germany;3. Laboratoire de Paléontologie, Evolution, Paléoécosystèmes et Paléoprimatologie (PALEVOPRIM, UMR7262 CNRS INEE), Université de Poitiers, 6, rue Michel-Brunet, 86073 Poitiers Cedex, France;4. Universidad del País Vasco/Euskal Herriko Unibertsitatea, Facultad de Ciencia y Tecnología, Dpto. Estratigrafía y Paleontología, Apartado 644, 48080 Bilbao, Spain;5. Earth System Science – AMGC, Vrije Universiteit Brussel, Pleinlaan 2, 1050 Brussels, Belgium;6. Evolution & Diversity Dynamics Lab, Liège University, Allée du Six Août, 14, 4000 Liège, Belgium;7. Directorate ‘Earth and History of Life’, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, 1000 Brussels, Belgium;8. Palaios Association, 86300 Valdivienne, France;1. Instituto de Geociências e Ciências Exatas, Universidade Estadual Paulista, Avenida 24A, 1515, Rio Claro 13506-900, SP, Brazil;2. Laboratório de Geologia Sedimentar e Ambiental (LAGESE), Departamento de Geologia, Universidade Federal de Pernambuco, Recife 50670-000, PE, Brazil;3. Instituto de Geociências, Universidade de São Paulo, Rua do Lago, 562, Cidade Universitária, São Paulo 05508-900, SP, Brazil;4. Faculdade de Tecnologias, Universidade Estadual de Campinas, R. Paschoal Marmo, 1888, Jd. Nova Itália, Limeira 13484-332, SP, Brazil;1. University of Oregon, Dept. of Anthropology and Museum of Natural and Cultural History, USA;2. Southern Methodist University, Dept. of Anthropology, USA;1. School of Chemistry and Biochemistry, Georgia Institute of Technology, Atlanta, GA 30332-0400, USA;2. Department of Chemistry, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR 97331, USA;3. Centro de Astrobiología (CSIC-INTA), 28850 Torrejón de Ardoz, Spain;4. Museo de Ciencias Naturales de Alava, 01001 Vitoria, Spain |
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| Abstract: | Macromolecular analysis of fossil fish scales from the Cretaceous Las Hoyas Formation (using pyrolysis-gas chromatography-mass spectrometry) revealed a dominant aliphatic composition (C8 to C22) whereas modern fish scale is proteinaceous (largely collagenous). Structural analysis of the aliphatic polymer using thermochemolysis revealed the importance of ester linkages; saturated fatty acids C14 to C18 (particularly C16) are the most abundant. These acid components and their unsaturated counterparts are evident in the lipid composition of modern fish scales. Thus, the aliphatic composition of the fossil scales is probably a result of the incorporation of lipids (including a C19 aromatic hydrocarbon) from the original indicating preservation by in situ polymerization of labile aliphatic components. Fossil arthropods and plants from the same deposit also show a dominant aliphatic macromolecular component, likely derived predominantly by crosslinking of free lipid precursors. Differences in the relative distribution of molecular components indicate likely chemosystematic differences between different fossil groups. |
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