哈萨克斯坦食物消费模式及影响因素分析（英文）

人类对生态系统的过度利用使得维持生态系统服务功能和食物消费需求间的矛盾日益突出。哈萨克斯坦作为全球生态问题最突出的国家之一,人地、草畜矛盾非常严峻。因此,探究哈萨克斯坦食物消费模式及影响因素,进而提高食物消费可持续性、维持生态系统服务功能显得尤为重要。本文以2012年、2016年哈萨克斯坦食物消费数据为基础,通过对消费模式的划分及其变化分析,得到了以下主要结论:受消费习惯、食物供给和社会经济发展影响,哈萨克斯坦存在三种食物消费模式,分别为以奶、谷物消费为主的模式,以奶、谷物和肉类为主的模式,以奶、谷物、肉类、蔬果消费为主的模式,三种消费模式特征差异明显,分别分布在哈萨克斯坦的北、中、南地区;值得注意的是,哈萨克斯坦的食物消费有向以奶、谷物和肉类为主的模式变化的趋势。面对不同的食7品消费模式及其变化趋势,政府可通过转变食物生产观念、加大国内外区域间交流合作来增加当地居民的福祉。

Analysis of the Food Consumption Mode and Its Influencing Factors in Kazakhstan

The excessive influence of human activity has highlighted the dilemma between maintaining a stable ecosystem while satisfying consumer demands for food.Kazakhstan has ecological problems caused by the conflict between humans and the land,grasslands and raising livestock.Therefore,this study of the food consumption modes in Kazakhstan aims to improve the sustainability of food consumption while maintaining the integrity of the ecosystem.Based on the data of food consumption in Kazakhstan in 2012 and 2016,and through the delineation of consumption modes and the analysis of their changes,this study found three very different food consumption modes in Kazakhstan-one dominated by milk and cereals;one by milk,cereals and meat;and one by milk,cereals,meat,vegetables and fruit.These three modes were distributed separately in the northern,central and southern regions of Kazakhstan,respectively.It is worth noting that food consumption in Kazakhstan is developing into a pattern of milk,cereals and meat.Confronted with the different food consumption modes and their tendencies toward variations,the basic theories of food production need to be revised,and the exchange of information and cooperation between the different regions of Kazakhstan and relevant interests abroad should be encouraged in order to increase the well-being of local consumers.