Controls on the erosion of Cenozoic Asia and the flux of clastic sediment to the ocean |
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| Affiliation: | 1. School of Earth Sciences & Key Laboratory of Mineral Resources in Western China (Gansu Province), Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China;2. Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources, Gansu Province & Key Laboratory of Petroleum Resources Research, CAS, Lanzhou 730000, China;1. Key Laboratory of Marine Geology and Environment, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2. Laboratory for Marine Geology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266061, China;3. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;4. Department of Geology and Geophysics, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge, LA 70803, USA;5. Department of Earth and Planetary Science, University of Tokyo, Tokyo 113-0033, Japan;6. Key Laboratory of Marine Sedimentology and Environmental Geology, First Institute of Oceanography, SOA, Qingdao 266061, China;1. Department of Geology and Geophysics, Louisiana State University, Baton Rouge 70803, USA;2. School of Geography Science, Nanjing Normal University, Nanjing 210023, China;3. Department of Earth and Planetary Sciences, Birkbeck College, University of London, London WC1E 7HX, UK;4. Max Planck Research Group for Marine Isotope Geochemistry, Institute of Chemistry and Biology of the Marine Environment (ICBM), University of Oldenburg, 26129, Germany;5. State Key Laboratory of Geological Processes and Mineral Resources, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan 430074, China;6. Key Laboratory of Marginal Sea Geology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 164 Xingangxi Road, Guangzhou 510301, China |
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| Abstract: | Rates of continental erosion may be reconstructed from variations in the rate of accumulation of clastic sediment, most of which lies offshore. Global rates of marine sedimentation are usually considered to have reached a maximum after 3–4 Ma, driven by enhanced erosion in a variable glacial–interglacial climate. However, a new compilation of seismic data from the marginal seas of Asia now shows that only the Red River reached its historic peak after 4 Ma. Sediment flux from Asia first peaked in the early–middle Miocene (24–11 Ma), well before the initiation of a glacial climate, indicating that rock uplift and especially precipitation are the key controls on erosion, at least over long periods of geologic time. Reconstructions of weathering in East Asia show that faster erosion correlates with more humid, warm climates in the early–middle Miocene, changing to less erosive, drier climates after 14 Ma when Antarctic glaciation begins. Average rates of sedimentation on most east Asian continental margins since 1.8 Ma are 5–6 times less than the modern fluvial flux, implying that the flux to the oceans varies sharply on short timescales and is not always buffered over timescales of ∼104 yr by storage in flood plains. |
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