冬小麦光合生产潜力数值模拟*

利用中国小麦生态实验资料建立了黄淮海地区冬小麦发育阶段模式和光合作用、呼吸作用等模式,由这些子模式连结成为一个可以模拟瞬时光合作用的,充分考虑了叶片空间分布特征的冬小麦光合生产潜力模式。运用该模式研究结果证明冬小麦光合生产潜力与抽穗前10天至成熟期辐射量相关性最大。黄淮海地区冬小麦光合生产潜力可达到800kg/亩～1000kg/亩,与牛文元计算结果相近。功率谱分析结果表明北京地区光合生产潜力存在3年～4年和9年～10年的变化周期。此外,文中还给出了CO₂升高后冬小麦光合生产潜力的可能变化情况。

THE NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE WINTER WHEAT PHOTOSYNTHETIC POTENTIAL IN THE HUANGHUAIHAI AREA

The sub model for simulating diural variation of radiation was given first, then the plant physiological submodel was established, which included development stage, photosynthesis, respiration, partitioning of photosynthesis and consenescence of winter wheat, so a winter wheat photosythetic potential numerical model was obtained by connecting these submodels.The development rate of winter wheat considered influence of daylength and temperature, and the photosynthesis had considered the influence of leaf inclination of winter wheat.Using the model to simulate winter wheat photosysthetic potential in the Huanghuaihai Area found that: (1) The potentials are decreased from 15 000 kg/Ha in the north to 12 000 kg/Ha in the south while the decrease rate becomes small.(2) The results of the simulating verified that winter wheat photosynthetic potential is interrelated well with the solar radiation accumulated from 10 days before heading to maturity.(3) Although the density of CO₂ has some influence on winter wheat photosynthetic potential, the main factor which influences winter wheat photosynthetic potential is the volume of radiation.(4) Using the power spectrum to analysize the potential found that the year to year change of the potential in Beijing Area has 3~4 year and 9~10 year cycles.