CO2地质处置研究进展

减少CO2向大气排放的一个主要的方法是将其隔离在地下深部，即CO2地质处置。CO2地质处置的方法主要包括：含水层处置，海洋处置，利用CO2开采油气以及煤层甲烷气体等。含水层处置有三种机制：（1）水力学方法；（2）溶解的方法；（3）矿物处置。CO2地质处置是可行的技术方法，在实际中已有了应用。在难以获得复杂的深部含水层环境的情况下，地球化学数值模拟方法在评价地质处置CO2可行性上具有重要的作用。

An overview of underground sequestration of carbon dioxide

The carbon dioxide sequestration is one of the useful approaches to reduce CO_2 emission,which includes the disposal in aquifer,the disposal in the ocean,CO_2 sequestration in depleted oil and gas reservoirs to enhance the oil and gas recovery,and sequestration of CO_2 in deep coalfields replacing the methane.There are three types of trapping mechanism for CO_2 disposal in aquifer:(1) CO_2 can be trapped as gas or supercritical fluid under low-permeability caprock,which is referred to as hydrodynamic trapping,(2) CO_2 can dissolve into the groundwater,and(3) CO_2 can react directly or indirectly with minerals in the geologic formation-mineral trapping.The geological sequestration of carbon dioxide is feasible in technology,and the technique of CO_2 disposed in the reservoirs has already been used in practice.Numerical models of geochemical processes have important effects in the evaluation of the feasibility of CO_2 underground sequestration.