GIS支持下不同生态背景的土地利用空间特征分析

在遥感与地理信息系统技术支持下 ,分析了不同生态背景下的我国土地利用、土地覆盖特征的空间分布。具体表现为对不同温度带、不同降雨带、不同高程带上的土地利用的时空特征进行了研究分析 ,结果表明 :总体上我国的土地主要分布在寒温带以下、降雨<2 5 0 mm的干旱带、高程在 1 0 0 0～ 3 5 0 0 m的地区。其中耕地主要分布在中温带、降雨在 40 0～ 80 0 mm的半湿润带、高程在 1 0 0 m以下的低平原区 ;林地分布在中温带、降雨为 40 0～ 80 0 mm的半湿润带、高程在 1 0 0 0～ 3 5 0 0 m的中山区为最多 ;草地主要分布在寒温带以下、降雨 <2 5 0 mm的干旱区、高程 1 0 0 0～ 3 5 0 0 m的中山区 ;建设用地则主要分布在暖温带、降雨 40 0～ 80 0 mm的半湿润带、低平原区 ;未利用地主要分布在寒温带以下、降雨 <2 5 0 mm的干旱区、高程在 1 0 0 0～ 3 5 0 0 m的中山区。

The Analysis on Spatial Feature of Land Use under the Defferent Background of Eco-Environment Based on GIS

The research of spatial temporal features of land use and land cover is significantly important for better understanding of land use/land cover change and environmental management for sustainable development. In order to study the spatial temporal changes of land use and land cover, researchers use the technologies of Remote Sensing and Geographical Information System to analyze the spatial distribution of spatial temporal feature of land use and land cover under the different temperature, different rainfall, and different elevation. It is shown that the maximum of percentage of land distributes in cold temperate zone, in drought zone with the rainfall is less than 250mm, and in region with the altitude between 1 000 meter and 3 500 meter. Above all, the maximum of percentage of plantation distributes in temperate zone with the rainfall between 400 mm and 800 mm and the altitude between 1 000 m and 3 500 m; The meadow distributes mostly in cold temperate zone with the rainfall is less than 250 mm and the altitude between 1 000 m and 3 500 m; The build land distributes mostly in warm temperate zone with the rainfall between 400 mm and 800 mm and the altitude between 0 and 100 m; The maximum of percentage of un use land distributes in cold temperate zone with the rainfall is less than 250 mm and the altitude between 1 000 m and 3 500 m.