DGPS方法在新构造研究中的应用探讨

DGPS方法是一种小区域范围内(≤20km)精确测量的有效手段,已在许多领域和地点得到应用。但是,由于地质科学研究的独特性,高精度的测量还缺乏有效的应用。近年来,随着新构造定量研究的逐步深入,如何定性或定量评价新构造时期弱活动区断裂的活动性、盆地内隐伏断裂的活动性、冲断带内的盲断层及其相关褶皱活动性等问题日渐明显。为了解决这些问题,一些新的方法和手段得到尝试和应用。运用DGPS方法可以获得精确的层状地质地貌面数据,通过数据分析,可以得到新构造时期不同时间尺度内构造演化过程。文中以近几年的应用实例为基础,系统介绍DGPS测线的设计、野外操作注意事项、精度分析和数据处理等过程。同时分析新构造时期三种时间尺度内的研究成果,认为DGPS方法获得的数据精度满足地质地貌调查和对比的要求,从而为在弱活动区内或盆地内部等不利条件下定量评价断裂的活动性提供有利的手段。

The applications of DGPS method in neo-tectonic research

The DGPS method is one of the effective methods for exact measurement in a small region (≤20 km), which has been applied in many fields and places. But it still lacks effective application in geology. Recently, with the development of quantitative neo-tectonic research, it is clear that how to qualitatively and quantitatively evaluate the activity of faults in weak active areas, the activity of buried faults in basins, and the activity of blind faults in fold-thrust belts and related folds have become prominent problems. Many new approaches and methods have been applied to solving these problems. One of them is the DGPS method which could provide exact data of locations of layered geological and geomorphic surfaces. Using these data we can analyze the evolution of tectonics in different scale of neo-tectonic time. In this paper, we introduce systematically the design of the survey lines, some points for attention in field operations, the accuracy analysis, the data processing, etc. With the demonstration of several examples of recent research, we indicate that the DGPS method is an effective method in the quantitative study of the activity of faults, which may provide highly accurate data.