长三角地区研发产业的空间结构演化

本文旨在探讨研发产业的空间集聚规律和研发产业区域差异的空间特性, 揭示地理临近与产业网络形成及研发产业在城市体系间的内在关联。基于实地调查和R&D普查数据, 采用因子分析、聚类分析、GIS 制图等方法, 以区位理论和城市空间结构为理论依据, 探讨了长三角地区16 城市研发产业的空间演化过程, 分析了研发产业的影响因子。研究表明:影响研发产业的主要因子依次为:产业发展综合实力因子、产业结构因子、产业竞争力因子、经济结构支持因子、经济发展水平因子、研发活跃度因子等6 大类因子。研究结果表明, 2000 年长三角地区研发产业空间结构的显著特征是集聚在以上海为中心的单极空间模式。之后发展到2007 年, 南京、杭州、苏州等城市研发产业发展呈快速增长态势, 空间上表现为由单极集中转向多极分散的趋势。研究认为:今后长三角地区研发产业区域差异格局将逐步形成, 呈现为以上海、南京、杭州为顶点的区域内部的三角形格局。

Spatial Evolution and Influencing Factors of R&D Industry in the Yangtze River Delta Region

The Yangtze River Delta,with the city of Shanghai as the center,is one of the regions with the most concentrated R&D investment in China.This article analyzes the spatial evolution and influencing factors of the R&D industry of 16 cities located in the Yangtze River Delta Region.The research was performed through factor analysis,cluster analysis and GIS mapping,combined with theories of spatial structure and urban system.The results indicate that there are six major factors dominating the spatial structure of the R&D industry: overall strength of industrial development,industrial structure,industrial competition force,supporting economic structure,economic development level and R&D activity level.In addition,through the comparison of the level of spatial structure of the R&D industry in the Yangtze River Delta Region in 2000 and 2007,we discovered that the R&D industry in this region in 2000 was characterized by a monopole structure with its conspicuous geographic concentration in Shanghai.On the other hand,the development of other cities in the region including Nanjing,Hangzhou and Suzhou has created a shift in the industry and transformed the industrial structure into a multi-pole one in 2007.As such,the spatial structure of the R&D industry sector in the Yangtze River Delta Region is expected to develop into a triangular pattern in the future with Shanghai,Nanjing and Hangzhou as its three vertexes.