中国乡村聚落地理研究进展及趋向

近年来, 随着中国新农村建设的不断推进, 乡村发展问题日益受到学术界的重视。作为聚落地理学重要分支的乡村聚落地理学重新受到关注。了解乡村聚落地理学的研究现状, 掌握其研究趋向, 不仅是学术发展的需要, 也是促进中国城乡协调发展, 推动新农村建设的需要。在查阅大量相关文献的基础上, 本文首先简要叙述了国外乡村聚落地理的研究进展, 认为国外的相关研究成果值得中国借鉴;然后简单分析了中国乡村聚落研究进展, 并从乡村聚落生态、乡村聚落空间特征及其演化、乡村聚落发展问题、乡村聚落综合研究等4 个方面对近年来中国乡村聚落研究的主要内容进行概括和分析;最后, 在分析国内外乡村聚落研究进展的基础上, 本文认为中国未来乡村聚落研究的主要趋向应为:中国工业化、城镇化过程中乡村聚落演变趋势预测研究;中国不同发展水平区域乡村聚落的模式研究;中国不同地貌形态区乡村聚落的研究;新聚落的构建研究;跨学科综合性研究。

Research Progress and Tendency of Chinese Rural Settlements Geography

In recent years,with the continued advancement of Chinese new countryside construction,rural development has attracted increasing academic attention.Rural settlement geography,as an important branch of settlement geography,has been attached importance again.Understanding the research progress of rural settlement geography and examining its trends can not only promote the academic development of human geography,but also promote the coordinated development of urban and rural areas and the construction of a new socialist countryside.Based on consulting extensive related literature,this paper firstly briefly describes foreign research progress of rural settlements geography,and believes that the relevant foreign research is very worth learning.Then,the research progress of Chinese rural settlements is sketched out.Subsequently,this paper summarizes and elaborates the recent research in the following four aspects:(1) research on rural settlement ecology,(2) research on spatial characteristics and evolution of rural settlements,(3) research on problems of rural settlements development,and(4) comprehensive research.Finally,on the basis of analyzing domestic and overseas research progress of rural settlements mentioned above,this paper argues that the main trends of Chinese future research on rural settlement geography should be listed as follows:(1) research on the evolutional trend prediction of rural settlements in the process of Chinese industrialization and urbanization,(2) research on the modes of Chinese rural settlements in regions at different development levels,(3) research on Chinese rural settlements in regions with different landforms;(4) research on the reconstruction of new settlements,and(5) research on the interdisciplinary and comprehensive field of rural settlements.