Transverse structure of subtidal flow in a weakly stratified subtropical tidal inlet |
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| Authors: | Amy F Waterhouse Arnoldo Valle-Levinson |
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| Institution: | 1. Shanghai Key Lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;2. School of Geographic Sciences, Faculty of Earth Science, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China;3. Ecological Engineering College, Guizhou University of Engineering Science, Bijie 551700, Guizhou, China;4. Shanghai Harbour City Ecological Garden Co., Ltd, China;1. Institute of Estuarine and Coastal Studies, University of Hull, Hull HU6 7RX, United Kingdom;2. Delft Institute of Applied Mathematics, Delft University of Technology, P.O. Box 5031, 2628 CD Delft, The Netherlands;3. Institute for Coastal Research, Helmholtz-Zentrum Geesthacht, Max-Planck-Strasse 1, 21502 Geesthacht, Germany;4. Civil and Environmental Engineering Department, Portland State University, 202T Engineering Building, 1930 SW Fourth Avenue, Portland, OR 97201, USA;5. Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands;1. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Costal Research, East China Normal University, 3663 Zhongshan Rd. N., Shanghai 200062, China;2. College of Hydraulic and Environment Engineering, China Three Gorges University, 8 Daxue Rd. N., Yichang 443002, China;3. Institute for Marine and Atmospheric Research Utrecht, Utrecht University, Princetonplein 5, 3584 CC Utrecht, The Netherlands;4. The College of Hydraulic Science and Engineering, Yangzhou University, Yangzhou 225009, China;5. Department of Civil and Coastal Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;1. Bodega Marine Laboratory, University of California Davis, 2099 Westside Road, P.O. Box 247, Bodega Bay, CA 94923, USA;2. Department of Civil and Coastal Engineering, University of Florida, 365 Weil Hall, P.O. Box 116580, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA;1. School of Marine Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME 04469, USA;2. Department of Marine Sciences, University of South Alabama, Dauphin Island Sea Lab, Dauphin Island, AL 36528, USA;3. Department of Civil Engineering, University of South Alabama, Mobile, AL 36688, USA;4. Department of Civil and Coastal Engineering, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL 32611, USA |
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| Abstract: | The transverse structure of exchange flows and lateral flows as well as their relationship to the subtidal variability are investigated in a subtropical inlet, Ponce de Leon Inlet, Florida. Two surveys were executed during different phases of the tidal month to determine the spatial structure of subtidal exchange flows. Data from fixed moorings were used to depict the temporal variability of the spatial structure established in the surveys. The data suggested a tidally rectified pattern of net outflow in the channel and inflow over shoals with a negligible influence of streamwise baroclinic pressure gradients on the dynamics and slight modifications due to the wind. Onshore winds strengthened net inflows but weakened net outflows, rarely reversing them, while offshore winds increased net outflows and weakened net inflows. Curvature effects were found to be important in modifying secondary circulations. Slight modifications to the secondary flows were also caused by stream-normal baroclinicity during one survey. Most important, the intensity of the exchange flows was modulated by tides, with the largest exchange flows developing in response to the strongest tidal rectification of spring tides. |
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