Assessing the footprint and volume of oil deposited in deep-sea sediments following the Deepwater Horizon oil spill |
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| Authors: | Scott A Stout Shahrokh Rouhani Bo Liu Jacob Oehrig Robert W Ricker Gregory Baker Christopher Lewis |
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| Institution: | 1. NewFields Environmental Forensics Practice, LLC, 300 Ledgewood Pl., Suite 305, Rockland, MA, United States;2. NewFields Atlanta, LLC, 1349 W. Peachtree St., Suite 2000, Atlanta, GA, United States;3. NOAA, Assessment and Restoration Division, 1410 Neotomas Ave., Suite 110, Santa Rosa, CA, United States;4. NOAA, Assessment and Restoration Division, 345 Middlefield Rd., MS-999 Menlo Park, CA, United States;5. Industrial Economics, Incorporated, 2067 Massachusetts Ave., 4th Floor, Cambridge, MA, United States |
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| Abstract: | The lateral and vertical extents of Macondo oil in deep-sea sediments resulting from the 2010 Deepwater Horizon oil spill were determined using chemical forensics and geostatistical kriging of data from 2397 sediment samples from 875 cores collected in 2010/2011 and 2014. The total mass of Macondo-derived hopane on the seafloor in 2010/2011 was conservatively estimated between 2.00 and 2.26 metric tons, derived from 219,000 to 247,000 barrels of oil; or 6.9 to 7.7% of the 3.19 million barrels spilled. Macondo-derived hopane was deposited over 1030 to 1910 km2 of the seafloor, mostly (> 97%) in surface (0–1 cm) and near-surface (1–3 cm) sediments, which is consistent with short-term oil deposition. Although Macondo oil was still present in surface sediments in 2014, the total mass of Macondo-derived hopane was significantly lower (~ 80 to 90%) than in 2010/2011, affirming an acute impact from the spill and not long-term deposition from natural seeps. |
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| Keywords: | Submerged oil Benthic exposure Chemical fingerprinting Fallout plume Hopane PAH |
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