Assessment of heavy metal pollution in surface sediments of the Bayan Lepas area,Penang, Malaysia |
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| Authors: | Sharareh Khodami Misni Surif Wan Maznah W.O. Reza Daryanabard |
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| Affiliation: | 1. Centre for Marine and Coastal Studies (CEMACS), Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia;2. School of Biological Sciences, Universiti Sains Malaysia, 11800 Penang, Malaysia;3. Iranian Fisheries Research Organization (IFRO), P. O. Box: 14155-6116, Tehran, Iran;4. Caspian Sea Ecology Research Center, Sari, Iran |
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| Abstract: | This study aimed to evaluate the spatial and temporal distribution of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Co, Fe, Pb, Ni, V, and Zn) in the sediments of Bayan Lepas Free Industrial Zone of Penang, Malaysia. Ten sampling stations were selected and sediment samples were collected during low tide (2012 ? 2013). Metals were analyzed and the spatial distribution of metals were evaluated based on GIS mapping. According to interim sediment quality guidelines (ISQG), metal contents ranged from below low level to above high level at different stations. Based on the geoaccumulation index (Igeo) of sediment, sampling stations were categorized from unpolluted to strongly polluted. The enrichment factor (EF) of metals in the sediment varied between no enrichment to extremely high enrichment. The potential ecological risk index (RI) indicated Bayan Lepas FIZ was at low risk. |
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| Keywords: | Enrichment factor Ecological risk assessment Geoaccumulation index Geographical information system Heavy metals |
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