人居环境气候舒适度对城市创新的影响分析

以中国创新水平较高的91个地级及以上城市为研究对象,探讨人居环境气候舒适度对城市创新的影响程度。以城市发明专利申请数代表城市创新水平,采用温湿指数和风效指数的组合模型,参照相应的分级标准计算各城市年气候舒适期,分析城市人居环境气候舒适度与城市创新的关系。结果表明:气候舒适期每增加1%,发明专利申请数仅平均增加0.012%,相对于GDP、R&D人员全时当量、R&D经费等影响城市创新的关键因素,城市人居环境气候舒适度对城市创新有一定影响,但影响并不十分显著。因此,创新政策的着眼点在于关注城市创新投入、人力资本、经济规模等影响城市创新的关键因素。在此基础上,创新布局也应考虑人居环境气候舒适度因素。

Impact of Climate Comfort of Urban Human Settlements on Urban Innovation

Taking 91 cities with higher innovation level in China as the research objects,and the number of patent applications for urban invention as the representative of urban innovation level,this paper uses the combined model of temperature humidity index and wind efficiency index to calculate the annual climate comfort period of each city with reference to the corresponding classification standards,and discusses the impact of climate comfort of human settlements on urban innovation.The results show that:For every 1%increase in climate comfort period,the number of invention patent applications only increases by 0.012%on average.Compared with GDP,full-time equivalent of R&D personnel,R&D funds and other key factors affecting urban innovation,climate comfort of urban human settlements has a certain impact on urban innovation,but the impact is not very significant.Therefore,the focus of innovation policy is to pay attention to the key factors that affect urban innovation such as urban innovation investment,human capital,economic scale,and so on,then,the climate comfort factors of human settlements.