中国航空联系的网络结构与区域差异

区域空间联系是不同客体之间基于空间法则下的相互作用现象,航空联系是诸多空间联系的一种。依据中国国内航班运营信息数据,运用基于O-D联系网络的GIS空间分析法,通过在大尺度数据空间内刻画每一条运营航线,深入解析全国通航中心城市间（不含港澳台）航空联系的网络结构,并与按重力模型计算的空间联系进行对比,分运距区段绘制中国城市空间相互作用联系与航空联系网络结构图谱,深入揭示航空联系的空间相互作用本质。进而分析东、中、西部及东北4区域间航空联系的网络结构差异,揭示中国航空联系的网络结构及区域结构特征。研究发现,城市航空联系网络与人口、经济之间的空间相互作用高度吻合,大城市集聚特征显著,空间分布较不平衡。依据进出港航班数量,可将通航中心城市划分为全国性、区域性、省域及地方性中心4个等级,其中北京、上海、广州为全国性中心。城市航空联系主要集中在600~2 000 km空间距离范围内,总体上服从空间距离衰减规律。全国航空客流的区域分布极不平衡,东部航空运输地位极其突出,西部相对较强,中部与东北相对较弱。

Network Structure and Regional Difference of Aviation Links in China

Regional spatial links is based on the interactivity phenomenon between different objects space, the aviation links is one kinds of space relationship. According to the national domestic flights information data(data of Hongkong, Macau and Tiwan excluding), using GIS spatial analysis method base on O-D network, by means of carve every aviation links within the large dimension data space, this article analyses the network structures of the aviation links between national center cities which open to air traffic, compares with special links in the abstract, and display airline network structure and its spatial atlases by different transport distance in China. Research shows, aviation network distribution highly coincide with population and economic space in China, large city agglomeration characteristics is significantly, the whole spatial distribution is not balanced. Based on the flights data, central cities can be divided into 4 grades as national, regional, provincial and local center, including Beijing, Shanghai, and Guangzhou as the national center. The study also found, national airlines mainly concentrated in the 600-2 000 km space distance range, and the aviation links network with the spatial links shows strong correlation during this range, indicates China’s domestic flights suitable travel during this spatial distance range, aviation links on the whole subject to spatial distance attenuating tendency. The regional distribution of the air passenger flows is extremely out-off-balance, the eastern air transport status is extremely prominent, the west is relatively strong, the central and northeast relatively weak. Air passenger flows interflows mainly concentrate on the eastern coastal to western, central and northeast regional, and extremely less between western, central and northeast regional.