长江经济带城市群可持续发展战略问题与分级梯度发展重点

长江经济带是推动中国区域发展由“T”字型战略格局转变为新常态下“H”型战略格局的重要支撑带。长江沿江的六大城市群是推动长江经济带新型城镇化的空间主体,但在发育过程中存在着城市群空间范围界定脱离发育标准、带有强烈的政府主导性,整体发育程度弱于沿海城市群,越往上游城市群发育程度减弱,资源与生态环境保障形势严峻,城市群内部城市之间竞争大于合作,缺乏一体化统筹协调机制等问题。为此,应以流域一体化和交通一体化为主线,推进长江经济带城市群建设的一体化和市场化进程,构建“1+2+3”分级梯度发展的长江经济带城市群新格局;以差异化驱动力为支撑,因地制宜地突出各级各类城市群的发展优势与建设重点。未来,为确保长江经济带城市群可持续发展,应采取以下战略措施：成立长江经济带城市群一体化发展委员会,建立流域一体化的统筹协调机制;遵循城市群发育的科学规律,避免脱离实际催生扩大城市群;构建以城市群为战略桥墩的上下联动、以轴串群的流域生态经济带束簇状城镇体系;建立长江经济带城市群发展的公共财政制度和公共财政储备机制;加强长江经济带城市群发展的生态环境联防联治,建成生态型城市群;加快长江经济带城市群发展的创新驱动步伐,建设创新型城市群;重点建设一批支撑长江经济带城市群发展的重大工程和国家级新区。

Sustainable development strategy and priorities of spatially differentiated development of urban agglomerations along the Yangtze River Economic Belt

The Yangtze River Economic Belt (YREB) is a significant supporting area for transforming the spatial pattern of regional development in China from the T-shaped structure to a new H-shaped structure. The hierarchical structure of the urban system of the Yangtze River Economic Belt presents a pyramid pattern featured by unbalanced division in function of the upper-, middle-, and lower reaches, unbalanced spatial structure of development, and deep pressures on the resources and environment. At present, problems of urban agglomeration development along the Yangtze River Economic Belt include the mismatch of space delimitation with development standard and strong government intervention. The overall development level is weaker than the coastal urban agglomerations, urban agglomeration development decreases from the downstream areas to the upstream areas, ecological and resources security situation is grim, cities within the agglomerations compete rather than cooperate, and there is a lack of overall coordination mechanism. Thus, this study recommends to use the river basin and transport system integration as a main theme, to promote integration and market development of urban agglomerations of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and build a new "1+2+3" staged or differented development pattern for urban agglomerations along the Yangtze River Economic Belt. Supported by different driving forces, the development should emphasize advantages and priorities of urban agglomerations at all levels according to the local conditions. The strategic development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt in the future can take the following measures: set up a development committee for urban agglomeration integration of the Yangtze River Economic Belt and establish an overall coordination mechanism for river basin integration; follow principles of urban agglomeration development and avoid irrational enlargement of urban agglomerations that is separated from the local reality; build a urban system with linkages between urban agglomerations as the strategic base; establish public financing and public fiscal reserves mechanism for the development of the Yangtze River Economic Belt; strengthen cooperation for ecological environment protection and build eco-friendly urban agglomerations; speed up the innovation-driven development and build an innovative urban agglomeration; and prioritize the construction of a series of major projects and national-level new districts to support the development of urban agglomerations along the Yangtze River Economic Belt.