Sequential radiocarbon measurement of bulk peat for high-precision dating of tsunami deposits |
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Affiliation: | 1. School of Biological, Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of New South Wales, Sydney 2052, NSW, Australia;2. Hazard and Risk Evaluation Research Division, International Research, Institute of Disaster Science (IRIDeS), Tohoku University, Aoba 6-6-11-1106, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai 980-8579, Japan;1. Institute of Geography, Heidelberg University, Heidelberg, Germany;2. Geological Survey of Belgium, OD Earth and History of Life, Royal Belgian Institute of Natural Sciences, Brussels, Belgium;3. Institute of Geography, University of Cologne, Cologne, Germany;4. Department of Earth Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC, Canada;5. Department of Environment and Geography, University of York, York, United Kingdom |
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Abstract: | Dates of tsunami deposits have been used to estimate paleotsunami recurrence intervals in areas affected by these natural events. The depositional age of tsunami deposits is commonly constrained by the radiocarbon (14C) dating of sediments above and below the geological event. However, because of calibration curve fluctuations, the depositional age sometimes has a wide error range. In this study, we conducted millimeter-scale high-resolution radiocarbon measurements of tsunami deposits at Urahoro in southern Hokkaido, Japan. The site faces the Pacific Ocean along the Kuril Trench. Eight event deposits were identified within peat at this site. We took sequential measurements for 14C dating using bulk peat samples. The results were validated based on comparison with the absolute and radiometric ages of tephra layers. Dating results were further constrained by stratigraphic order using statistical methods. We constrained the depositional age of the paleotsunami deposits better using this method than we did when using conventional methods. We proposed an efficient measurement strategy with respect to the radiocarbon calibration curve. This method is also applicable for other deposits formed by any natural hazard if bulk peat is obtainable so it can contribute to better hazard assessment worldwide. |
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Keywords: | Tsunami deposit Radiocarbon dating Kuril trench |
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