Low-cost biochar derived from herbal residue: characterization and application for ciprofloxacin adsorption |
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| Authors: | J. G. Shang X. R. Kong L. L. He W. H. Li Q. J. H. Liao |
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| Affiliation: | 1.Department of Environmental Science,China Pharmaceutical University,Nanjing,China;2.State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology,Chinese Academy of Sciences,Nanjing,China |
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| Abstract: | Thermally carbonization biochar produced from a traditional Chinese herbal medicine waste (Astragalus mongholicus residue) was investigated for its performance in ciprofloxacin adsorption. Batch sorption experiments were conducted, and scanning electron microscopy, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and Brunauer–Emmett–Teller surface area analyses were employed to characterize the biochar. The results demonstrated that thermal activation process improves the adsorbent characteristics. Biochar produced at 800 °C had the best adsorption capacity, a better pore structure and the largest surface areas. The adsorption process fit well to a pseudo-second-order kinetics model. The adsorption isothermal model results revealed that the adsorption process of ciprofloxacin is described better by the Freundlich isotherm and the type of adsorption is a chemical process. The maximum adsorption of ciprofloxacin occurred at pH 7. The present research demonstrated that A. mongholicus biochar might be an attractive and cost-effective adsorbent with good adsorption performance for removing ciprofloxacin from water solution. |
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