Photocatalytic treatment of oil and grease spills in wastewater using coated N-doped TiO2 polyscales under sunlight as an alternative driving energy

To enhance the overall efficiency of oil and grease removal in wastewater coated N-doped TiO₂ photocatalytic polyscales were fabricated through sol–gel technique. The materials fabricated were characterized using powder X-ray diffraction, Fourier transmission infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and UV–Vis spectroscopy. In order to enhance degradation efficiency of organic pollutant under natural sun light, shifting of absorption range of TiO₂ to visible spectrum, various modifications such as surface modification and size optimization were carried out by doping of nitrogen under sol–gel processes. To ease recovery of suspended catalysts from aqueous media, the coated N-doped TiO₂ were prepared by decorating photocatalytic particles onto suitable substrates. N-doped TiO₂ polyscales with desired functionalities were coated onto the spherical supporting substrates using a binding agent. The photocatalytic treatment studies clearly indicated the considerable level of the oil and grease and other organic pollutants removal from wastewater (up to 85–90 % ± 2) using coated N-doped TiO₂ under natural sunlight as an alternative driving energy source. Removal of oil and grease along with other organic pollutants in wastewater using coated N-doped TiO₂ polyscales is a versatile, economical, and environmental friendly technique due to the ease of handling and recovery, utilization of natural sunlight which is renewable energy source.