Feasibility of CO2 adsorption by solid adsorbents: a review on low-temperature systems

In the last few decades of industrialization, the concentration of CO₂ in the atmosphere had increased rapidly. Different organizations have invested considerable funds in research activities worldwide for CO₂ capture and storage. To date, significant work has been done and various technologies have been proposed for CO₂ capture and storage. Both adsorption and absorption are promising techniques for CO₂ capture, but low-temperature adsorption processes using solid adsorbents are the prevailing technique nowadays. In this review paper, a variety of adsorbents such as carbonaceous materials, dry alkali metal-based sorbents, zeolites, metal–organic frameworks (MOFs) and microporous organic polymers (MOPs) have been studied. Various methods of chemical or physical modification and the effects of supporting materials have been discussed to enhance CO₂ capture capacity of these adsorbents. Low-temperature (<100 °C) adsorption processes for CO₂ capture are critically analyzed and concluded on the basis of information available so far in the literature. All the information in CO₂ adsorption using different routes has been discussed, summarized and thoroughly presented in this review article. The most important comparative study of relatively new material MOFs and MOPs is carried out between the groups and with other sorbent as well.