Contribution of surface roughness to simulations of historical deforestation |
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| Institution: | 1. Key Laboratory of Livestock Infectious Diseases in Northeast China, Ministry of Education, College of Animal Science & Veterinary Medicine, Shenyang Agricultural University, Shenyang, 110866, PR China;2. The Preventive Center of Animal Disease of Liaoning Province, No.95, Renhe Road, Shenbei District, Shenyang 110164,PR China;3. Harbin Veterinary Research Institute of Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, No. 678, Haping road, Xiangfang district, Harbin 150069, PR China;4. Department of Immunology, Basic School of Medicine, China Medical University, No. 92, North Second Road, Shenyang 110001, PR China;1. Key Laboratory of Ruminant Disease Prevention and Control (West), College of Veterinary Medicine, Northwest A&F University, Yangling 712100, China;2. Chongqing Three Gorges Vocational College, Chongqing 404155, China;1. Department of Forensic Medicine, Soochow University, Ganjiang East Road, Suzhou, China;2. Clinical Experimental Center, Xi''an International Medical Center Hospital, Xi''an, Shaanxi 710100, China;1. National Institute of Parasitic Diseases, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Shanghai, China;2. Chinese Center for Tropical Diseases Research, Shanghai, China;3. WHO Collaborating Centre for Tropical Diseases, Shanghai, China;4. National Center for International Research on Tropical Diseases, Ministry of Science and Technology, Shanghai, China;5. Key Laboratory of Parasite and Vector Biology, Ministry of Health, Shanghai, China;6. Geospatial Health journal, Ingerod, Brastad, Sweden;1. School of Resource and Environmental Sciences, Wuhan University, Wuhan 430079, China;2. Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China |
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| Abstract: | Surface roughness which partitions surface net radiation into energy fluxes is a key parameter for estimation of biosphere–atmosphere interactions and climate variability. An earth system model of intermediate complexity (EMIC), MPM-2, is used to derive the impact of surface roughness on climate from simulations of historical land cover change effects. The direct change in surface roughness leads to a global surface warming of 0.08 °C through altering the turbulence in the boundary layer. The regional temperature response to surface roughness associated deforestation is very strong at northern mid-latitudes with a most prominent warming of 0.72 °C around 50°N in the Eurasia continent during summer. They can be explained mainly as direct and indirect consequences of decreases in surface albedo and increases in precipitation in response to deforestation, although there are a few significant changes in precipitation. There is also a prominent warming of 0.25 °C around 40°N in the North American continent. This study indicates that land surface roughness plays a significant role which is comparable with the whole land conversion effect in climate change. Therefore, further investigation of roughness–climate relationship is needed to incorporate these aspects. |
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| Keywords: | Surface roughness Modeling Deforestation |
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