中国南大洋水团、环流和海冰研究进展(1995-2002)

总结了1995年以来中国在南大洋物理海洋学研究和南极海冰研究中所取得的成果。普里兹湾海区是中国南大洋研究的重点区域，研究表明，在该海区存在显著的深层水涌升和陆架水北扩现象，某些年份深层水与陆架水混合后产生了较重的水体，但是尚未发现生成南极底层水的直接证据。在普里兹湾所处的印度洋区段，亚热带锋、亚南极锋和极锋表现出显著的时空变化，特别是不同年份的锋面位置存在较大的摆动。该海区的南极绕极流既是风生的，也受到密度场的影响。在凯尔盖朗海台的地形引导作用下，南极绕极流表现出显著的非纬向性特征。南极海冰除了显著的季节变化以外，也表现出长期变化的趋势。此变化与海洋、大气中的其它变化有一定的相关性，表现为两极海冰涛动、南方海洋涛动等多种变化模态，对我国气候也有一定的影响。

Advances in Chinese Studies on Water Masses,Circulation and Sea Ice in the Southern Ocean(1995-2002)

Advances in Chinese researches of physical oceanograp hy and sea ice in the Southern Ocean since 1995 are reviewed in this paper. The region of Prydz Bay is the focus research area of China for the Southern Ocean. In this region, the upwelling of the Circumpolar Deep Water(CDW) and northward e xtension of the Shelf Water(SW) were found. Although the denser water could be f ormed by mixing of CDW and SW in some year, the direct evidence of local formati on of the Antarctic Bottom Water was still absent. In the Indian Ocean section o f the Southern Ocean, the Subtropical Front, the Subantarctic Front and Polar Fr ont showed obviously spatio-temporal variations and their locations changed gre atly in different year. The Antarctic Circumpolar Current in this area is wind- induced and is also forced by density field. Topographically influenced by the K erguelen Plateau, strong non-zonal features appeared in the current. Not only o bviously annual cycle but also long-term variations in Antarctic sea ice had be en found. Relations between these variations and other variations in ocean and a tmosphere, such as Arctic and Antarctic Sea Ice Oscillation, Southern Oceanic Os cillation were studied. It was shown that these variations might influence the c limate in China.