河北省农田环境问题与生态保育

农田生态保育对建立健康的农田生态系统、提高农田综合生产力和保障粮食安全具有重要意义。根据1996—2004年土地调查数据和TM影像解译数据,分析河北省耕地资源的动态变化及重要的环境因子信息,阐述河北省农田数量与质量下降、土壤沙化、水土流失、农田污染、干旱缺水等农田环境问题对保障粮食安全及农业可持续发展的影响。探讨河北省农田生态保育对策,即加强基本农田保护、中低产田改造与培育、农田污染综合防治、优化区域生态环境和强化生态保育的理念。

Environment Problems and Ecological Conservation and Improvement for Hebei Province's Farmland

On the basis of ArcGIS,the dynamic changes of cultivated land and environment from 1996 to 2004 in Hebei Province were analyzed,and significant ecological environment problems of farmland were discussed.The following problems were showed in the results:1)the total and average quantity of farmland were decreasing,the contradiction between population and farmland was sharp;2)the ecological environment was deteriorating and the quality of farmland was declining;3) the disaster of farmland was frequent.Aiming at the state of the farmland in Hebei,the new concept,ecological conservation and improvement for Hebei's farmland and its countermeasures concerned were advised.The countermeasures concerned were comprised with:1)the protection of essential farmland rules should be carried out,which will keep the dynamic balance of farmland quantity;2)construction of basal establishment in farmland should be strengthened,the quality of farmland will be kept and improved;3)preventing and treatment of farmland pollution should be strengthened for improving the ecological environment of farmland;4)the theory of ecological conservation and improvement for farmland should be emphasized.