浑善达克沙地苔藓物种多样性

调查了浑善达克沙地10类植被地面生苔藓植物物种多样性及分布。结果表明：（1）该区共发现苔藓植物23科54属115种，其中苔类6科7属9种，藓类17科47属106种（包括变种）；具有4种生长型，其中茎叶体苔类4种，叶状体苔类5种，顶蒴藓类63种，侧蒴藓类43种；优势科有丛藓科（Pottiaceae）、真藓科（Bryaceae）、柳叶藓科（Amblystegiaceae）、青藓科（Brachytheciaceae）等；优势属有真藓属（Bryum）、青藓属（Brachythecium）、细湿藓属（Campylium）等；该区苔藓植物可分为10个区系地理成分，以北温带成分为主；白桦（Betula platyphylla）林、湿地、沙地云杉（Picea mongolica）林、爬地柏（Sabina vulgaris）灌丛等生境下苔藓植物多，且随着水分增加物种数量和生长型类型增加，优势种个体亦增大；（2）Shannon-Wiener多样性指数与Patrick丰富度指数变化趋势基本一致，而Simpson优势度指数变化相反，土壤水分和空气湿度是苔藓植物物种多样性和丰富度的主要影响因子；（3）除了沙地云杉林与臭柏灌丛和白桦林外，物种相似系数总体较低。

Diversity of bryophyte in Hunshandake Sandy Land

In this paper, the species diversity and distribution of ground bryophytes community under 10 vegetation types in Hunshandake Sandy Land were investigated. The results were as follows:(1) In total,115 species bryophytes (in 23 families and 54 genera) were found in this area. Of these, 9 species (in 6 families and 7 genera) were liverworts, 106 species (including varieties, in 17 families and 47 genera)were mosses, and all the bryophytes consisted of 4 kinds of growth forms of Cormus hepaticae (4 species), Thallus hepaticae (5 species), Acrocarpri-muscorum (63 species) and Pleurocarpi-muscorum (43 species). In addition, Pottiaceae, Bryaceae, Amblystegiaceae, Brachytheciaceae, Bryum, Brachythecium, Campylium et al in this area were dominant, North Temperate elements was the most abundant in 10 kinds of floristic geographical elements types, and Betula platyphylla forest, wetland, Picea mongolica forest and Sabina vulgaris shrub etc presented higher species number. With the increase of water content, the number of species and the types of growth form increased, and the individuals of dominant species became larger. (2)Shannon-wiener index had the same changing trend with Patrick richness index, Simpson dominance index showed the opposite trend with the above two indexes, and soil moisture and air humidity are significantly correlated with species diversity and richness index. (3)Except for Picea mongolica forest with Sabina vulgaris shrub and Betula platyphylla forest, most species similarity coefficient between habitats was low.