中国古代流星记录的亮度归算

在中国古籍中关于流星“大如X”的纪录,是古人对星像视面大小的估测,此视面是人裸眼观星时由于光线的衍射、漫射以及视觉中的光渗作用造成的一种特殊感知现象．视面“大如X”的实质是亮度的记录．这些记录可以按古人目视观测天象的天球模型进行视大小(角直径)的量化,进而可以用一些已知亮度的流星记录为“标准点”,将其归算为亮度．并将古籍中流星“大如X”的4420次纪录的131种比体均作了亮度的归算．

Quantization on Brightness about Meteors in Chinese Ancient Recordings

The records of "big as X" about meteors in Chinese annals were the values that the ancients estimated the scale of visible surface of the stars' images. In fact, the visible surface is a special sensation that derives from the diffraction, diffusion of light and effect of irradiation when we observe stars with naked eyes. In substance, "big as X" might be regarded as the records of brightness. These records can be quantified to apparent scales (angular diameter) according to the Model of Celestial Sphere used by Chinese ancients. Then we can reduce the size to a brightness on the basis of some "standard points". This paper has counted up 131 objects, which appeared in ancient 4420 recordings in the words "big as X", and reduced them to brightness.