智慧城市建设中的数字孪生与元宇宙探讨

随着城市管理和空间大数据、5G、人工智能等新型技术的深入结合，新型智慧城市相关的应用成为地理信息行业领域与社会重点关注的对象。本文主要介绍了智慧城市的背景与概念、理论与技术，阐述了数字城市、智慧城市及数字孪生城市三者的关系，总结了数字孪生城市现状及趋势，并探讨了元宇宙时代的智慧城市。智慧城市的萌芽期依靠空间信息技术、数据库技术、虚拟现实技术及计算机网络技术等构建数字城市，发展期在数字城市基础上融合人工智能技术、物联网技术、云技术及时空大数据技术等建设新型智慧城市，建设期结合新型智慧城市相关技术和实景三维技术等实现数字孪生。展望了跨时代的元宇宙智慧城市，或许会在数字孪生的基础上融合增强现实、扩展现实、脑机接口与体感设备等技术或设备，实现人类生活在两栖世界的美好憧憬。

Discussion on digital twin and metaverse in smart city construction

With the in-depth integration of urban management and new technologies such as spatial big data,5G and artificial intelligence,the applications related to new smart cities have become the key concerns of the geographic information industry field and society. This paper introduces the background and concept,theory and technology of smart city,describes the relationship among digital city,smart city and digital twin city,summarizes the current situation and trend of digital twin city,and discusses the smart city in the metaverse era. The budding period of smart city relies on spatial information technology,database technology,virtual reality technology and computer network technology to build digital city,the development period integrates artificial intelligence technology,Internet of Things technology,cloud technology and spatio-temporal big data technology on the basis of digital city to build new type of smart city,and the construction period combines new type of smart city related technology and realistic 3D technology to realize digital twin. The cross-era metaverse smart city may integrate technologies or devices such as augmented reality,extended reality,brain-computer interface and somatic devices on the basis of the digital twin to realize the beautiful vision of human living in an amphibious world.