地方政府企业化视角下的半城市化地区社区转型——以东莞市厚街镇赤岭社区为例

改革开放以来，随着中央―地方政府之间的分权化和分税制改革，地方政府在推动城市与经济的发展中通常表现为企业主义行为，并有力地推动了地方经济的发展；但是，经过30 多年的发展，地方政府企业主义是否仍然行之有效？文章采用质性研究方法，以东莞厚街镇的赤岭社区为例，对中国地方政府企业主义行为发生的源头--半城市化地区社区发展与转型进行研究，解析新时期地方政府企业化的特征、作用机制及应对危机的方式。结论认为：1）地方政府企业主义行为推动了改革开放以来半城市化地区社区（村）社会经济的发展与转型，但是在外部环境变化的情况下，地方政府企业主义行为在社区尺度不再行之有效；2）社区（村级）体制改革也是一种城市管治方式，半城市化地区的社区发展适时需要管治的进入；3）全球化是影响地方政府企业主义行为的直接动力；4）在中国的城市管治中，社会力量还相对较弱。在未来地方政府企业主义的研究中，应更多关注来自基层的制度创新。

Village Transformation in Peri-urbanization Region Based on Entrepreneurial City Theory:A Case Study of Chiling Village in Houjie Town of Dongguan City

Since 1978, with the decentralization and the tax system reformation between central government and local government, the local government’s function has turned from managerialism to entrepreneurialism, and this transformation was great helpful to local urban and economic growth. However, after 30 years’ practice, the urban governance mode of entrepreneurialism has not been effective now. Taking Chiling village in Houjie town of Dongguan city as an example, this paper employs qualitative method to research village transformation based on entrepreneurial city theory, and summarizes its characteristics, mechanism and tactics. Main conclusions are as follows：1）The local village self-organization in peri-urbanization regional had entrepreneurialism behavior, and it was helpful to collective economic growth; 2）The villages system reform could be considered as a kind of governance modes, and rural economic development needed more governance, especially in economic crisis period; 3）Globalization directly changed local government entrepreneurialism behavior; 4）Compared to Western countries, the force of civil society is still weak in China. We should pay more attention to local institutional innovation when studying village transformation.