卫星火情探测灵敏度试验与火情遥感新探测通道选择

2005年10月在广西武鸣机场进行了一系列的人工火情测量试验。进行的100 m2与200 m2火场同步观测试验表明，在EOS TERRA、EOS AQUA和FY 1D等气象卫星遥感图像的人工火场区，中波红外通道均有明显的增温效应，达到了现行业务火情监测的判识标准，表明气象卫星1 km分辨率的中波红外通道完全可以遥感监测到小至200 m2、甚至100 m2完全燃烧的火场。分析BOMEM MR 154 FT高光谱仪测定的火情光谱特征，发现在中波4.34~4.76 μm光谱段的辐亮度比火情监测常用通道3.5~4.0 μm有更强的响应关系。通过初步的大气辐射传输计算，结果表明此波段似为卫星遥感探测火情更为敏感和有效的通道。

Sensitivity Experiment for Fire Detecting Using Satellites'''' Data and New Detection Channel Selection for Fire Remote Sensing

A campaign of man made fire experiment was conducted in October, 2005, at Wuming airport in Guangxi Province. Simultaneous measurements of satellites on fires with areas of 100 and 200 square meters show that all medium wave channels have obvious temperature increment and fires can be identified from EOS TERRA,EOS AQUA and FY 1D images with 1km resolution. Spectral characteristics of fire were measured with BOMEM MR 154 FT spectrometer. Spectrum analysis and atmospheric radiative transfer simulation shows that 4.34~4.76 μm channel is more sensitive than 3.5~4.0 μm channel for fire monitoring.