我国空间对地观测技术的发展与展望

经过50余年发展,我国空间对地观测技术实现了从无到有、由弱到强等巨大跨域,已在经济建设和国防安全等领域取得了广泛应用。当前,物联网、大数据、云计算、人工智能等飞速发展,空间对地观测技术正在发生深刻变革。为把握技术发展脉络,推动“十四五”我国空间对地观测领域高质量发展,本文系统梳理了我国空间对地观测技术的发展历程,从国际竞争、国内需求和技术革新等方面分析了面临的机遇和挑战,展望了巨型星座建设、海量数据处理、智能融合应用等技术发展方向。

The development and prospect of China's space earth observation technology

After more than 50 years of development, China's space earth observation technology has made great strides from scratch and from weak to strong, and it has been widely used in such fields as economic construction, national defense security and so on. At present, the internet of things, big data, cloud computing, artificial intelligence and other technology have rapidly developed, space observation technology is undergoing profound changes. In order to grasp the technological development context and promote the high-quality development of China's space earth observation field during the 14th Five-year Plan period, the development history of China's space earth observation technology is systematically summarized. The opportunities and challenges facing China's space earth observation technology are analyzed from the aspects of international competition, domestic demand and technological innovation, and the development direction of the construction of giant constellations and massive data processing and intelligence fusion application and other technologies are prospected.