青藏高原土壤碳排放研究进展

青藏高原土壤碳排放研究是评估国家区域碳排放量和预测气候变化所可能导致影响的关键. 首先对青藏高原土壤碳排放的关键性影响因子进行探讨, 并分析了土壤碳排放的时空分布格局变化. 目前青藏高原土壤碳排放研究主要是针对高寒草甸及高寒草地生态系统, 较少涉及高寒荒漠, 研究区域较为分散; 土壤碳排放受到气候环境因素、生物因素及人为因素等多重因素的影响, 其中温度、土壤湿度、土壤区系生物、人为因素及多年冻土退化是最关键的影响因素; 土壤碳排放具有明显的时空变异性, 空间变异性在生物群丛、景观、区域和生物群系四个尺度体现, 时间变异性在日、季、年上体现. 总体而言, 青藏高原土壤碳排放的研究较少, 尤其关于大尺度、长时间序列的研究以及土壤碳排放的机理等方面的研究十分缺乏, 有待于后续加强研究.

Progress in studies of carbon emission from soil on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau

Carbon emission from soil on the Tibetan Plateau is an important part of national carbon emission, evaluating which would be useful to rightly evaluate national carbon emission and predict the potential effects due to climate change.In this paper,the key influence factors of carbon emission are discussed and the spatial and temporal pattern of carbon emission in the plateau is analyzed.At present,studies of carbon emission are mainly in allusion to alpine meadow and alpine steppe ecological systems,less involve alpine desert,with studied region inhomogeneous.Carbon emissions from soil are affected by multiple factors,such as climate,biological and human activities,among them,temperature,soil moisture,soil fauna and permafrost degradation are the main;carbon emission from soil displays obvious spatiotemporal variability,with spatial variabilities in biologic associa-tion,landscape,regional and biotic formation and temporal variabilities in daily,seasonal and annual.In conclu-sion,relevant studies are still very inadequate,especially,of large-scale and long-term sequence;mechanisms of carbon emissions are also short.Further and more systematic studies are necessary.