First record of stereospondyls (Tetrapoda,Temnospondyli) in the Upper Triassic of Southern Brazil |
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| Authors: | Sérgio Dias-da-Silva Eliseu Vieira Dias Cesar Leandro Schultz |
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| Institution: | 1. Centro de Ciências Rurais, Universidade Federal do Pampa, Campus de São Gabriel, Avenida Antônio Trilha, 1847, Bairro Centro, CEP 97.300-000, São Gabriel, Rio Grande do Sul, Brasil;2. Centro Universitário Positivo, Núcleo de Ciências Biológicas e da Saúde, Rua Prof. Pedro Viriato Parigot de Souza, 5.300, CEP 81.280-330, Curitiba, Paraná, Brasil;3. Laboratório de Paleovertebrados, Departamento de Paleontologia e Estratigrafia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, Avenida Bento Gonçalves, 9.500 prédio 43.127/110 B, CEP: 91.540-000, Porto Alegre, Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil;1. Programa de Pós-Graduação em Geociências (PPGGEO), Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;2. Departamento de Paleontologia e Estratigrafia, Instituto de Geociências, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande do Sul (UFRGS), Avenida Bento Gonçalves 9500, 91501-970, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;3. Laboratório de Geologia e Paleontologia, Instituto de Oceanografia, Universidade Federal do Rio Grande (FURG), Avenida Itália km 8, 96201-900, Rio Grande, RS, Brazil;4. Museu de Ciências Naturais (MCN), Fundação Zoobotânica do Rio Grande do Sul (FZB), R. Dr. Salvador França, 90690-000, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil;1. CNRS UMR 6118 Géosciences & OSUR, Université Rennes 1, Campus de Beaulieu bât. 15, 263 avenue du Général Leclerc, 35042 Rennes cedex, France;2. University of Kansas Biodiversity Institute, Division of Entomology, Lawrence, KS 66049, USA;1. Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, School of Life Science, Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, China;2. Reproductive Medicine Research Center, First Hospital of Lanzhou University, 222 Tianshui South Road, Lanzhou 730000, China |
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| Abstract: | Stereospondyls survived the Permo-Triassic extinctions in a refuge probably located in the landmass that nowadays comprises Australia. Subsequently, they radiated to other parts of Pangaea, reaching their highest distribution and diversification during the Early Triassic. An incomplete interclavicle from the Caturrita Formation represents their first record in the Upper Triassic of Brazil. Previously, Upper Triassic South American stereospondyls were restricted to Argentina. This new record reinforces a former hypothesis that suggests the presence of a more diverse stereospondyl fauna in South America during the Late Triassic than previously assumed. Additionally, the presence of a stereospondyl and a phytosaur in the Caturrita Formation reinforces the hypothesis of a change to more humid climatic conditions in the Paraná Basin during the Upper Triassic. The record of Early Triassic stereospondyls in South America suggests that they first colonized Brazil and/or Uruguay, spreading from South Africa during the Early Triassic, subsequently reaching Argentina. Up till now, there is no record of Middle Triassic stereospondyls in either Argentina and Brazil, probably due to either taphonomic bias or insufficient prospecting. Despite the lack of direct evidence, one should not dismiss an earlier stereospondyl colonization of Argentina still during the Early or Middle Triassic. |
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