中国单季稻种植北界的初步研究

确定单季稻种植北界可为调整单季稻生产布局和科学应对气候变化提供依据.基于中国单季稻种植区地理分布及其主导气候因子,结合最大熵模型,研究了雨养(水热共同作用)与灌溉(热量限制)条件下中国单季稻种植区的北界,并与已有方法确定的中国单季稻北界进行了对比验证.结果表明:雨养条件下,中国单季稻种植北界可达黑龙江漠河县北部,沿漠河—塔河—呼玛中部以西的大兴安岭地区及龙江—泰来—杜尔伯特—大庆—肇州—肇源以西的地区不适合种植水稻;灌溉条件下中国单季稻种植的北界则不存在,即在中国最北部的漠河地区仍可种植单季稻,沿漠河—塔河—呼玛中部的水稻种植界限往西略有偏移.本研究确定的中国单季稻种植北界与当前单季稻种植北界更为接近,明显优于已有方法确定的单季稻种植北界.

A preliminary study of planting northern boundary of single harvest rice in China

The planting northern boundary of single harvest rice is significant not only for crop planning but also for making countermeasures to cope with climate change in China. Single harvest rice planting northern boundary in China under natural and irrigation conditions were studied in this paper, based on the geographic information of single harvest rice from the national agrometeorological observation stations and China Meteorological Administration (CMA) as well as the dominant climate factors affecting single harvest rice planting zone distribution, together with the maximum entropy model. Furthermore, the single harvest rice planting northern boundaries from this study were compared to those from the Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences (CAAS) and the Cooperative Agricultural and Forest Crop Regionalization Group in China (CAFCRG). The results show that single harvest rice planting northern boundary in China could reach Mohe county, Helongjiang province under natural conditions. Daxinganling located to the west of the Mohe-Tahe-Huma central-line and the areas located to the west of the Longjing-Tailai-Duerboter-Daqing-Zhaoqing-Zhaoyuan line are not suitable to planting single harvest rice under natural conditions. The single harvest rice planting northern boundary does not exist under irrigation conditions, that is, Mohe county located at the north end of China could plant single harvest rice. And the single harvest rice planting northern boundary could extend slightly westward for the central Mohe-Tahe-Huma planting zone. The single harvest rice planting boundaries obtained from the study are more close to the practical boundaries at present and more accurate than those from CAAS and CAFCRG. This result is very helpful for the planting planning of single harvest rice in northern China.