京津冀地区1992—2014年三阶段地面沉降InSAR监测

京津冀地区是我国地面沉降灾害发育最严重的地区，几乎每年都造成巨大的经济损失。本文提出了改进的时间序列InSAR技术——多主影像相干目标小基线干涉技术（MCTSB-InSAR），利用4颗卫星摄取的3个时段的时间序列SAR影像：ERS-1/2 SAR（1992—2000年）、ENVISAT ASAR（2003—2010年）、RADARSAT-2（2012—2014年），获取了京津冀地区1992—2014年间3个时段的地面沉降信息。经与京津两地120个以上水准测量数据进行比较，3个时段的地表监测结果的精度分别为8.7、4.7、5.4mm/a。分析了北京和天津两市22年间地面沉降的时空变化特征，其中北京市地面沉降呈不断加重趋势；天津市地面沉降在1992—2010年间发展迅猛，在2010年以后有所减缓。同时，本文也表明MCTSB-InSAR技术是有效可靠的，在大区域地面沉降监测中具有推广应用价值。

Ground Subsidence over Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region during Three Periods of 1992 to 2014 Monitored by Interferometric SAR

The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region suffers the most serious ground subsidence in China, which has caused huge economic losses every year. Therefore, ground subsidence was listed as an important mission in the project of geographic conditions monitoring over Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei launched by the National Administration of Surveying, Mapping and Geoinformation in 2013. In this paper, we propose a methodology of ground subsidence monitoring over wide area, which is entitled "multiple master-image coherent target small-baseline interferometric SAR (MCTSB-InSAR)". MCTSB-InSAR is an improved time series InSAR technique with some unique features. SAR datasets used for ground subsidence monitoring over the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region include ERS-1/2 SAR images acquired between 1992 to 2000, ENVISAT ASAR images acquired between 2003 to 2010 and RADARSAT-2 images acquired between 2012 to 2014. This research represents a first ever effort on mapping ground subsidence over Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and over such as a long time span in China. In comparison with more than 120 leveling measurements collected in Beijing and Tianjin, the derived subsidence velocity has the accuracy of 8.7mm/year (1992—2000), 4.7mm/year (2003—2010), and 5.4mm/year (2012—2014) respectively. The spatial-temporal characteristics of the development of ground subsidence in Beijing and Tianjin are analyzed. In general, ground subsidence in Beijing kept continuously expanding in the period of 1992 to 2014. While, ground subsidence in Tianjin had already been serious in 1990s, had dramatically expanded during 2000s, and started to alleviate in recent years. The monitoring result is of high significance for prevention and mitigation of ground subsidence disaster, for making development plan, for efficient and effective utilization of water resource, and for adjustment of economic framework of this region. The result also indicates the effectiveness and reliability of the MCTSB-InSAR method. Thus, the MCTSB-InSAR method is applicable to monitoring ground subsidence over large areas in the future.