长春市土壤重金属污染特征及其潜在生态风险评价

以长春市区土壤为对象，研究土壤中重金属污染的特征，并采用Hakanson提出的潜在生态危害指数法对土壤中重金属的潜在生态危害进行了评价。结果表明，长春市区土壤重金属污染较重，尤其是铅和镍。污染源的空间差异性引起不同功能区土壤中重金属元素的含量不同。长春市土壤达到轻微生态危害，且铅、铜和锌对土壤生态危害达到轻微生态危害；不同功能区达到生态危害程度的顺序依次是公园＞郊区耕地＞工业区＞住宅区＞开发区。

Specificity of Heavy Metal Pollution and the Ecological Hazard in Urban Soils of Changchun City

Specificity of heavy metals pollution in index urban soil of Changchun city was studied for the potential ecological hazards. The potential ecological hazard suggested by Hakanson was used to assess the ecological hazards of heavy metals in urban soils. The results showed that urban soils were seriously polluted with heavy metals, and Pb and Ni was dominated in urban soils. The different domains were polluted by the different metal elements because of source space variance. The urban soil of Changchun was of the slightly ecological hazard, and Pb, Cu and Zn were feeble ecological hazard factors. The ecological hazard for the different domains was the order of urban park>farmland>industrial area> residential area>development area.