GPS一机多天线公路高边坡实时监测系统研究

根据一机多天线思想，建立了GPS一机多天线公路高边坡监测系统，降低了系统成本。其由野外采集子系统和室内控制子系统组成。前者将天线阵列采集的GPS信号，经分时器、信号放大器、无线路由器、WLAN天线传输至后者，经数据处理得各监测点的坐标数据。在单历元数据处理中，利用GPS采样密度高、监测点前后2次变形量较小的特点，由卫地距双差值 、载波相位双差值 、波长 ，计算出整周模糊度 的非整数解，再采用ROUND函数使其变为整数，得到整周模糊度。有了整周模糊度，双频GPS接收机的载波相位定位精度一般可达±5 mm，既能满足公路高边坡实时监测的精度，又解决了卫星信号在不同天线通道间切换产生的周跳问题，使数据处理简化。

Study of real time monitoring system of highway steep slopes based on GPS with multi-antenna

In order to reduce the cost, the GPS with multi-antenna highway steep slopes real time monitoring system is established according to the idea that the single GPS receiver links multiple antennas. The system consists of field collection subsystem and indoor control subsystem. The collecting GPS signal from antenna array of the former is transmitted to the latter through time-sharing instrument, signal amplifier, wireless router, WLAN antenna; and the monitor points’ coordinates are computed by data processing. In the single epoch algorithm, the non-integer solution of the ambiguity can be calculated from double difference value of satellite-earth , double difference value of carrier phase and wavelength because the sampling of GPS is dense and the deformation value of monitor points between the twice samplings is small commonly; and then the integer ambiguity is obtained by ROUND function. Thus, the positioning precision of the double frequency receivers’ carrier phase can attain ±5mm. It not only meet the requisite precision of steep slopes real time monitoring of highway, but also solve the problem of cycle slips which is brought from the switch of GPS signal between different antenna channels; thus the data processing can be simplified.