Multiple fluid flow events and the formation of saddle dolomite: case studies from the Middle Devonian of the Western Canada Sedimentary Basin |
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| Institution: | 2. Hubei Cooperative Innovation Center for Unconventional Oil and Gas, Wuhan, 430100, China;3. Key Laboratory of Exploration Technologies for Oil and Gas Resources of the Ministry of Education, Yangtze University, Wuhan, 430100, China;4. Department of Geology, University of Buea, P.O. Box 63, Buea, Southwest, Cameroon;1. Department of Geography, Durham University, Durham, United Kingdom;2. Department of Physical Geography and Geoecology, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic;3. Department of Physics and Physical Oceanography, Memorial University, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada;4. Department of Earth Sciences, Dalhousie University, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada;5. Department of Anthropology, McGill University, Montreal, Quebec, Canada;6. Madrone Environmental Services Ltd, Abbotsford, British Columbia, Canada;7. New Brunswick Geological Survey, New Brunswick Department of Energy and Resource Development, Fredericton, New Brunswick, Canada;8. Division of Lands and Mineral, Minnesota Department of Natural Resources, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA;9. Alberta Geological Survey, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada;10. Wisconsin Geological and Natural History Survey, Madison, WI, USA;11. Harquail School of Earth Sciences, Laurentian University, Sudbury, Ontario, Canada;12. Département de biologie, chimie et géographie & Centre for Northern Studies (CEN), Université du Québec à Rimouski, Rimouski, Québec, Canada;13. Geography, College of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, United Kingdom;14. Geological Survey of Newfoundland and Labrador, St. John’s, Newfoundland, Canada;15. School of Earth and Climate Sciences, University of Maine, Orono, ME, USA;p. Natural Sciences Department, University of Wisconsin–Superior, Superior, WI, USA;q. Department of Geology, University at Buffalo, Buffalo, NY, USA;r. Département de géographie and Centre d’études nordiques, Université Laval, Québec, Québec, Canada;s. Département des sciences de la Terre et de l’atmosphère, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada;t. Geological Survey of Canada, Natural Resources Canada, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada;u. College of Earth, Ocean, and Atmospheric Science, Oregon State University, Corvallis, OR, USA;v. Department of Earth Sciences, Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, British Columbia, Canada;w. Illinois State Geological Survey, Prairie Research Institute, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Champaign, IL, USA;x. Département de géographie, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada;y. Ministry of Energy and Natural Resources of Quebec, Val-d’Or, Quebec, Canada;z. Département des Sciences de la Terre et de l’atmosphère, Centre de recherche GEOTOP, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada;11. Department of Geology, Western Washington University, Bellingham, WA, USA;22. Center for Earth and Environmental Science, State University of New York Plattsburgh, Plattsburgh, NY, USA;33. Globe Institute, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark;44. Manitoba Geological Survey, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada;55. Minnesota Geological Survey, University of Minnesota, St. Paul, Minnesota, USA;66. North Dakota Geological Survey, Bismarck, ND, USA;77. Department of Geosciences, University of Wisconsin, Milwaukee, WI, USA;88. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Minnesota, Twin Cities, Minnesota, USA;99. Department of Earth Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Sweden;1010. Department of Geological and Environmental Sciences, Western Michigan University, Kalamazoo, MI, USA;1111. School of Earth Sciences, University College Dublin, Dublin, Ireland;1212. Natural Resources Canada, Geological Survey of Canada (Atlantic), Bedford Institute of Oceanography, Dartmouth, Nova Scotia, Canada;1313. Department of Glaciology and Climate, Geological Survey of Denmark and Greenland (GEUS), Copenhagen, Denmark;1414. Geological Survey of Norway, Trondheim, Norway;1515. Swenson College of Science and Engineering, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN, USA;pp. Indiana Geological and Water Survey, Indiana University, Bloomington, IN, USA;qq. Department of Geology, University of Cincinnati, Cincinnati, OH, USA;rr. Department of Geography, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway;ss. New Brunswick Geological Survey, New Brunswick Department of Energy and Resource Development, Bathurst, New Brunswick, Canada;uu. Département de géographie, Université de Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada;vv. Department of Earth and Ocean Sciences, Tufts University, Medford, MA, USA;ww. Department of Earth and Environmental Sciences, University of Waterloo, Waterloo, Ontario, Canada;xx. Stea Surficial Geology Services, Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada;yy. Department of Geological Sciences, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada;zz. Maine Geological Survey, Augusta, ME, USA;111. Alberta Energy Regulator, Calgary, Alberta, Canada |
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| Abstract: | In Western Canada Sedimentary Basin (WCSB), large scale and focused fluid flow that caused hydrothermal dolomitization have been suggested with different timing and intensity. In this study, we conducted a petrographic and geochemical comparison between the Middle Devonian Sulphur Point and Slave Point carbonates from northwestern Alberta. The results demonstrate the presence of both an early fluid flow event associated with the Late Devonian to Mississippian Antler Orogeny as well as a later event coincident with the Late Cretaceous to Early Tertiary Laramide Orogeny. Early fluid flow event is characterized by high salinity fluids, and high temperatures and oxygen isotopic values of marine or slightly enriched values, as demonstrated in saddle dolomite from the Slave Point Formation. In contrast, later fluids that caused the precipitation of saddle dolomite in the Sulphur Point formation are characterized by having slightly saline values, comparable homogenization temperatures but more enriched δ18O values and slightly depleted δ13C signatures. Geochemical data indicate that this later hydrothermal fluid was mixture of Middle Devonian brines and radiogenic basement fluids. |
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