四川盆地低空飞行的气象条件分析

根据2011～2018年四川省152个站点逐日08、14、20时的常规地面观测资料、逐小时加密自动站资料，以及3个探空站08时探空资料，详细分析了四川盆地低空(3000m以下)飞行的气象条件，包括不同高度层风场、温度、低云等气象要素的时空分布特征，以及对通用航空飞行器的影响。结果表明：四川盆地一年之中春季以及一日之中下午地面风对通航飞行的影响最大，秋季最小；盆地西北地区850hPa以下存在逆温层以及风向的切变，因此容易产生飞机颠簸，700hPa高度层因风向均匀而受到切变的影响最小；冬季盆地西北地区最易产生飞机积冰，且850hPa高度最容易发生中度积冰；盆地中部低云对飞行的影响最小。

The Low-Level Meteorological Conditions of Flight in Sichuan Basin

Based on the routine surface observational daily data,the hourly automatic weather data of 152 stations,and sounding data of 3 sounding stations in Sichuan Basin from 2011 to 2018,the meteorological conditions of flight in the low level(below 3000 meters)of Sichuan basin including the temporal and spatial distribution characteristics of meteorological elements such as wind field,temperature,low cloud and their influences on general aviation aircraft are analyzed in detail.It is shown that in the spring of the year and the afternoon of the day,the surface wind has the greatest impact on the navigation flight,and the influence is the smallest in the autumn.In the northwest of the basin,there are shear of wind direction and inversion layer below 850hPa,so it is easy to cause turbulence for aircraft and the layer of 700hPa is the minimally affected because of the uniform wind direction.In winter,aircraft icing is prone to happen in the northwestern region of the basin,and 850hPa is the most likely level for moderate icing; low-level clouds in the middle area of the basin have the minimal impact on flight.